Japanese · Lesson 84
Lesson 86
Reading Japan
Tuberculosis in Japan · Dialogue 1 of 4
A disease that caused fear
The speakers discuss why tuberculosis was feared in Japan. *日本では はいけっかくは 大変 おそれられていますね* means "In Japan lung tuberculosis is very much feared, isn't it?"
Recovery was difficult
They connect weak resistance with difficult recovery. *それで 一度 けっかくに かかると 中々 なおらないんですね* means "For that reason, once you contract tuberculosis, you won't get well easily, isn't it?"
In this negative statement, *中々* means "not easily."
Kanji: 弱
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 1
にほんでははいけっかくはたいへんおそれられていますね。
In Japan lung tuberculosis is very much feared, isn’t it?
日本Japanでinはtopicはいtuberculosisけっかtuberculosisくtuberculosisはtopic大変very muchおそれis fearedられis fearedてis fearedいis fearedますis fearedね。right? - 2
そうです。にほんではかぞくのだれかがはいけっかくにかかると、だれもこうさいしてくれなくなるのです。
That’s right. In Japan when someone in a family contracts tuberculosis, no one will associate with that family.
そうthat is rightです。that is right日本Japanでinはtopic家族familyのinだれsomeoneかsomeoneがsubjectはいtuberculosisけっかtuberculosisくにtuberculosisかかるcontractsと、whenだれno oneもno oneこうassociateさいしassociateてandくれfor themなくnotなるbecomeのthe factです。is - 3
むかしはとうようじんにはけっかくがなかったそうですね。
I understand in olden days there was no tuberculosis among the Orientals, isn’t that right?
むかしolden daysはtopic東洋Orientals人Orientalsにamongはtopicけっかtuberculosisくtuberculosisがsubjectなかっdid not existたpastそうreportedlyですisね。right? - 4
そうです。けっかくきんがとうようにきたのはあまりとおいむかしのことではありません。それでけっかくきんにたいするていこうりょくがまだよわいのです。
That’s right. It wasn’t very far back in the past that tuberculosis bacilli came to the Orient. For that reason, resistance against tuberculosis bacilli is still very weak.
そうthat is rightです。that is rightけっかtuberculosis bacilliくtuberculosis bacilliきんtuberculosis bacilliがsubject東洋Orientにto来cameたpastのfactはtopicあまりvery遠いdistantむかしpastのof事timeでisはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, politeそれthereforeでthereforeけっかtuberculosis bacilliくtuberculosis bacilliきんtuberculosis bacilliにagainst対するagainst抵resistanceこうresistance力resistanceがsubjectまだstill弱いweakのthe factです。is - 5
それでいちどけっかくにかかるとなかなかなおらないんですね。
For that reason, once you contract tuberculosis, you won’t get well easily, isn’t it?
それthereforeでtherefore一once度onceけっかtuberculosisくにtuberculosisかかるcontractとwhen中々easilyなおらrecoverないnotんthe factですisね。right? - 6
そうです。とうようじんにはおそろしいびょうきです。しかし、きんねんではけっかくはいちばんのいのちとりではなくなりました。
That’s right. It’s a dreadful sickness for Orientals. However, in recent years it became such that tuberculosis is no longer the number-one killer of people.
そうthat is rightです。that is right東洋Orientals人Orientalsにforはtopicおそろしいdreadful病気sicknessです。isしかし、however近年recent yearsでinはtopicけっかtuberculosisくtuberculosisはtopic一番number oneのofいのちkiller取りkillerでisはtopicなくなりno longerましdid, politeた。did, polite
KORE TO IU
Preceding nouns KORE TO IU expresses an idea of ”definite”, ”particular”, ”to speak of”, etc.
Examples:
KORE TO IU WAKE WA ARIMASEN. ”I don’t have any particular reason.”
KONO BYOOKI NIWA KORE TO IU KUSURI WA ARIMASEN. ”There is no medicine to speak of for this illness.”
KORE TO IU ONNA GA IMASEN. ”I have no definite girl.”
KORE TO IU KEIKAKU WA ARIMASEN. ”I have no definite plan.”NAKANAKA
NAKANAKA meaning ”very” or ”considerably” to modify adjectives has already been introduced in Lesson 38. In this lesson NAKANAKA is used to modify negative verbs to mean ”by no means”, ”not nearly”, ”far from”, or ”not easily.”
Examples:
NAKANAKA TARIMASEN. ”It is not nearly enough.”
ANNA HITO WA NAKANAKA IMASEN. ”We can’t find that kind of a person easily.”
KONO MONDAI WA NAKANAKA WAKARIMASEN. ”I can’t understand this problem by any means.”
ANO HITO WA NAKANAKA SHOOCHI SHIMASEN. ”He doesn’t consent easily.”B 1 GAN
GAN is a Japanese word for cancer. Some of the common cancers are IGAN, ”stomach cancer” which is the most common cancer for Japanese men and women; NYUUGAN, ”breast cancer”; SHIKYUUGAN, ”uterine cancer”; SHOKUDOOGAN, ”cancer of the esophagus”; HIFUGAN, ”skin cancer”, etc.- で
- --is and -- (See Grammar Notes)
- は
- leaves
- ます
- trout
- ね。
- isn't it (See Grammar Notes)
- そう
- numerical counter for ships
- です。
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- の
- See Grammar Notes
- だれ
- who?
- か
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- が
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- かかる
- to consult, to contract, to be attacked by
- と、
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- むかし
- ancient, old
- 東洋
- Orient
- 人
- people
- に
- on (See Gram. Notes)
- 遠い
- far
- まだ
- yet, still
- 弱い
- weak
- 一
- one
- 中々
- considerably, very
- おそろしい
- fearful; dreadful
- しかし、
- however, but
- 近年
- recent years
- 一番
- number one (See Grammar Notes)
Treatment, insurance and diseases · Dialogue 2 of 4
Treatment and common diseases
The speakers connect improved treatment with medicine and social insurance. One asks *日本には どんな 病気が 多いですか*, "What kinds of sickness are numerous in Japan?"
The answer names cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, and stroke.
The word for cancer
*がん、しんぞう病、はいえん、のういっけつなどです* lists the serious diseases. Here *がん* means "cancer."
Names for particular cancers can end in *GAN*. *IGAN* means "stomach cancer," and *NYUUGAN* means "breast cancer."
Kanji: 薬, 保, 険
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 7
それはまたどういうわけですか。
What is the reason for it anyway?
それthatはtopicまたanywayどうwhat kind of言うwhat kind of訳reasonですisか。question - 8
くすりがよくなったこととてあてがよくなったためです。
It is because of the fact that the medicine and, also, the treatment improved.
薬medicineがsubjectよくimprovedなっimprovedたpast事factとand手当treatmentがsubjectよくimprovedなっimprovedたpastためbecauseです。is - 9
けんこうほけんなどのえいきょうもあるでしょうね。
I suppose there also is an influence of health insurance, don’t you think?
けんこうhealth insurance保険health insuranceなどand suchのofえいきょうinfluenceもalsoあるexistsでしょうprobablyね。right? - 10
にほんではしゃかいほけんのせいどがかなりよくなっているので、てあてもはやくするのです。
In Japan, since the social insurance system has been improved, the treatment is given quicker.
日本Japanでinはtopic社会social insurance保険social insuranceのofせいsystemどsystemがsubjectかなりconsiderablyよくimprovedなっimprovedてhas improvedいるhas improvedのbecauseで、because手当treatmentもalso早くquicklyするgiveのexplanationです。is - 11
にほんにはどんなびょうきがおおいですか。
What kinds of sickness are numerous in Japan?
日本Japanにinはtopicどんなwhat kinds of病気sicknessがsubject多いnumerousですareか。question - 12
がん、しんぞうびょう、はいえん、のういっけつなどです。
They are cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, stroke, etc.
がん、cancerしんぞうheart disease病、heart diseaseはいpneumoniaえpneumoniaん、pneumoniaのうstrokeいっけstrokeつstrokeなどand so forthです。are
- 言う
- to say
- です
- to be (See Gram. Notes)
- か。
- either--or-- (See Gram. Notes)
- よく
- well, skillfully
- と
- and (See Gram. Notes)
- 手当
- medical treatment
- けんこう
- health
- など
- and so forth, etc.
- えいきょう
- influence
- ある
- certain, some
- でしょう
- probably (See Gram. Notes)
- 社会
- society
- かなり
- fairly
- いる
- to need (See Gram. Notes)
- どんな
- what kind of; what sort of
- がん、
- cancer (See Cult. Notes)
Cancer, infections and vaccination · Dialogue 3 of 4
Medicine and vaccination
The speakers contrast cancer with infectious childhood diseases. *がんには まだ これと言う いい 薬は ないのですね* means "There is no medicine to speak of for cancer, is there?"
Here *これと言う* marks a particularly good medicine, and the sentence says none exists.
Few deaths from childhood diseases
*今では ワクチンの ちゅうしゃを やるし、そういう 病気で しぬ 子は ほとんど 居ません* says almost no children die from such diseases because vaccinations are now given.
Kanji: 児
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 13
がんにはまだこれといういいくすりはないのですね。
There is no medicine to speak of for cancer, is there?
がんcancerにforはtopicまだyetこれto speak ofとto speak of言うto speak ofいいgood薬medicineはtopicないdoes not existのexplanationですisね。right? - 14
ええ、いまのところまだないらしいですね。
No, it seems there is none as of now.
ええ、right今as of nowのas of nowところas of nowまだstillないnoneらしいseemsですisね。right? - 15
でんせんびょうはおおいですか。
Are there many contagious diseases?
でcontagious diseaseんcontagious diseaseせんcontagious disease病contagious diseaseはtopic多いmanyですareか。question - 16
ここにさんねん、インフルエンザやせきりがぞうかしていますが、そのほかはげんしょうしています。
In the past two or three years, influenza and dysentery are on the increase, but others are on the decrease.
ここpast二三two or three年、yearsインフルエンザinfluenzaやandせdysenteryきりdysenteryがsubjectぞうare increasingかare increasingしare increasingてare increasingいare increasingますare increasingが、butそのthose外othersはtopicげんしょうare decreasingしare decreasingてare decreasingいare decreasingます。are decreasing - 17
しょうにびょうは。
What about diseases of children?
小児children's disease病children's diseaseは。topic - 18
ひゃくにちぜき、ジフテリア、ハシカなどありますが、いまではワクチンのちゅうしゃをやるし、そういうびょうきでしぬこはほとんどいません。
There are whooping cough, diphtheria, measles, etc., but now they give vaccine injections so there are practically no children that die from such a disease.
百whooping cough日whooping coughぜき、whooping coughジフテリア、diphtheriaハシカmeaslesなどand so forthありexistますpoliteが、but今nowでatはtopicワクチンvaccineのofちゅうしゃinjectionsをobjectやるgiveし、andそうsuchいうsuch病気diseaseでfromしぬdie子childrenはtopicほとんどalmost居existませnot, politeん。not, polite
- がん
- cancer (See Cult. Notes)
- いい
- good (See Gram. Notes)
- ええ、
- Yes
- ところ
- place (See Gram. Notes)
- せん
- sen (1/100 of a yen) (See Cultural Notes)
- ここ
- here
- 年、
- year (See Grammar Notes)
- インフルエンザ
- influenza
- や
- and---among others (See Gram. Notes)
- きり
- fog
- し
- city
- 百
- 100
- ジフテリア、
- diphtheria
- ワクチン
- vaccine
- を
- particle denoting direct object (See Pattern Drill)
- やる
- to do
- しぬ
- die (v.i.)
- ほとんど
- almost (See Gram. Notes)
Sanitation and food poisoning · Dialogue 4 of 4
Fewer infectious diseases
The speakers discuss sanitation, infectious disease, and food. *でんせん病が 少い事は 一ぱんに えいせいが よくなったからですね* links fewer infectious diseases with improved sanitation.
Food poisoning in summer
One speaker calls food-related illness *食あたり*, "food poisoning." *特に 夏には 多い様です* says it seems especially common in summer.
Kanji: 係
New kanji in these lines. Read down: the kanji, its reading, then the words it makes.
- 19
コレラ、チフス、しょうにまひびょうなどはありませんか。
Don’t they have such sicknesses as cholera, typhus, and infantile paralysis?
コレラ、choleraチフス、typhus小児infantile paralysisまひinfantile paralysis病infantile paralysisなどand suchはtopicありexistませnot, politeんnot, politeか。question - 20
コレラはないといってもいいですが、チフスやしょうにまひびょうはありますね。にさんねんほどまえにはしょうにまひのワクチンがなくてこまったことがありました。
You may say that cholera is non-existent, but they have typhus and infantile paralysis. About two or three years ago, there was a time when they didn’t have vaccine for infantile paralysis and they were in a fix.
コレラcholeraはtopicないnonexistentとquote言っsayてsayもevenいいacceptableですisが、butチフスtyphusやand小児infantile paralysisまひinfantile paralysis病infantile paralysisはtopicありexistますpoliteね。right?二三two or three年yearsほどabout前agoにatはtopic小児infantile paralysisまひinfantile paralysisのofワクチンvaccineがsubjectなくdid not haveてdid not have困っwere in troubleたpast事timeがsubjectありexistましpoliteた。past - 21
でんせんびょうがすくないことはいっぱんにえいせいがよくなったからですね。
The fact that the contagious diseases are few is due to the fact that sanitation in general has improved, isn’t that so?
でcontagious diseaseんcontagious diseaseせんcontagious disease病contagious diseaseがsubject少いfew事factはtopic一in generalぱんin generalにin generalえいせいsanitationがsubjectよくimprovedなっimprovedたpastからbecauseですisね。right? - 22
そうです。そのためおそろしいびょうきはしだいになくなっています。
That’s right. Because of that, dreadful diseases are gradually disappearing.
そうthat's rightです。isそのthatためbecauseおそろしいdreadful病気diseasesはtopicしだいgraduallyにgraduallyなくなっare disappearingてare disappearingいare disappearingます。are disappearing - 23
にほんにはまだれいぞうこがすくないようですが、しょくもつかんけいのびょうきはないのですか。
It seems refrigerators are scarce in Japan yet, but don’t they have sickness related to food?
日本Japanにinはtopicまだstillれいぞうrefrigeratorこrefrigeratorがsubject少いscarceようseemsですisが、but食物food関係relatedのto病気sicknessはtopicないnoneのexplanationですisか。question - 24
あります。しょくあたりといっていますが、これがかなりおおいです。とくになつにはおおいようです。
Yes, they have. They call if food poisoning, but it seems they have a lot of this sickness. They have many cases, especially in the summer, it seems.
ありexistます。polite食あたりfood poisoningとquote言っcallてcallいcallますcallが、butこれthisがsubjectかなりquite多いcommonです。is特にespecially夏summerにinはtopic多いcommon様seemsです。is
- コレラ、
- cholera
- チフス、
- typhus
- が、
- but (See Gram. Notes)
- 年
- year (See Grammar Notes)
- ほど
- to the extent (See Grammar Notes)
- 前
- before, front
- えいせい
- sanitation, health
- から
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- 食物
- food
- 関係
- relationship
- 食あたり
- food poisoning
- 夏
- summer
Saying nothing in particular · Perception drill, Block 1
No medicine to speak of
*これと言う いい 薬が ありません* means "There is no medicine to speak of." *これと言う* stands before the noun and marks something particular or definite.
No particular reason
*別に これと言う訳は ありません* means "I don't have any particular reason."
In these negative statements, *これと言う* can also mean "to speak of."
- 25
これといういいくすりがありません。
There is no medicine to speak of.
これto speak ofとto speak of言うto speak ofいいgood薬medicineがsubjectありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 26
なにをごちそうしましょうか。
What can I treat you?
何whatをobject御treatちそうtreatしdoましょうshall Iか。question - 27
さあ、なんでもいいですよ。これというものはありません。
Well, anything will do. There is nothing particular that I want.
さあ、well何anythingでanythingもanythingいいwill doですisよ。I tell youこれparticularとparticular言うparticularものthingはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 28
もうけっこんしてはどうですか。
How about getting married? Isn’t it about time?
もうalreadyけっこんget marriedしdoてdoはtopicどうhowですisか。question - 29
ええ、しかし、これというおんながいないのです。
Yes, but I don’t have any girl to speak of.
ええ、yesしかし、butこれto speak ofとto speak of言うto speak of女womanがsubject居existないnotのexplanationです。is - 30
あなたはなぜ、きのうのピクニックにこなかったのですか。
Why didn’t you come to the picnic yesterday?
あなたyouはtopicなぜ、whyきのうyesterdayの'sピクニックpicnicにto来comeなかっnot comeたpastのexplanationですisか。question - 31
べつにこれというわけはありません。ただいきたくなかったのです。
I don’t have any particular reason. I didn’t want to go. That’s all.
別particularlyにparticularlyこれparticularとparticular言うparticular訳reasonはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, politeただjust行きgoたくwant toなかっnotたpastのexplanationです。is - 32
にほんについてなにかいいほんがありますか。
Is there any good book on Japan?
日本Japanにaboutついaboutてabout何anythingかanythingいいgood本bookがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 33
そうですね。べつにこれといういいほんをしりませんね。
Well, let me see. I don’t know any good book to speak of.
そうwellですwellね。well別particularlyにparticularlyこれto speak ofとto speak of言うto speak ofいいgood本bookをobject知りknowませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 34
ここにあなたのほしいえがありますか。
Is there any picture that you want?
ここhereにatあなたyouの'sほしいwant絵pictureがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 35
これというえはひとつもありませんね。
No, there is no picture to speak of.
これto speak ofとto speak of言うto speak of絵pictureはtopic一oneつoneもevenありexistませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right?
- ましょう
- let's (See Gram. Notes)
- さあ、
- well, now, here, come
- もの
- things (tangible)
- もう
- already (See Gram. Notes)
- 女
- female
- なぜ、
- why?
- ただ
- merely
- 本
- numerical counter for counting long slender objects (See Notes)
- ほしい
- want, wish (See Grammar Notes)
Things not easily achieved · Perception drill, Block 2
A sickness that persists
*この病気は 中々 なおりません* means "This sickness will not be cured easily." With a negative verb, *中々* means "not easily" or "by no means."
Far from enough
*二十本では 中々 足りませんね* means "Twenty bottles will be far from enough."
Before a negative verb, *中々* can also mean "not nearly" or "far from."
- 36
このびょうきはなかなかなおりません。
This sickness will not be cured easily.
このthis病気sicknessはtopic中々not easilyなおりbe curedませnot, politeん。not, polite - 37
あしたのピクニックにビールはにじゅっぽんでたくさんでしょうか。
Would twenty bottles of beer be enough for tomorrow’s picnic?
明日tomorrowの'sピクニックpicnicにforビールbeerはtopic二十twenty本bottlesでwith沢山enoughでしょうprobablyか。question - 38
にじゅっぽんではなかなかたりませんね。
Twenty bottles will be far from enough.
二十twenty本bottlesでwithはtopic中々far from足りbe enoughませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 39
えいごはいちねんくらいでじょうずになれるでしょうか。
Do you suppose you can become proficient in English in about one year?
英語Englishはtopic一one year年one yearくらいaboutでin上手proficientにtoなれるcan becomeでしょうprobablyか。question - 40
いちねんではなかなかじょうずにはなせるようにはなれませんね。
You cannot possibly become proficient in speaking in one year.
一one year年one yearでinはtopic中々hardly上手proficientlyにproficiently話せるcan speak様able toにtoはtopicなれbecomeませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 41
このがっこうのたてものはらいねんのごがつまでにできあがるでしょうか。
Do you suppose this school building will be completed by May of next year?
このthis学校schoolの'sたて物buildingはtopic来年next yearの's五May月Mayまでbyにby出来上るbe completedでしょうprobablyか。question - 42
らいねんのごがつまでにはなかなかできあがりそうではありませんね。
It doesn’t seem it could be completed by any means by May of next year.
来年next yearの's五May月Mayまでbyにbyはtopic中々hardly出来上りbe completedそうseems likelyでisはtopicありexistませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 43
まいつきひゃくドルちょきんできますか。
Can you deposit in a bank one hundred dollars every month?
毎月every month百one hundredドルdollarsちょsave金save出来canますpoliteか。question - 44
わたくしのげっきゅうではまいつきひゃくドルはなかなかちょきんできませんね。
With my salary, I can’t possibly deposit one hundred dollars every month(in a bank.)
私Iの's月給monthly salaryでwithはtopic毎月every month百one hundredドルdollarsはtopic中々hardlyちょsave金save出来canませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 45
きょうはあめがふりそうで、なかなかふりませんね。
It looks like it’s going to rain and yet it doesn’t rain readily.
今日todayはtopic雨rainがsubject降りrainそうlooks likelyで、and yet中々not readily降りrainませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 46
しんぶんによると、まだにさんにちはふらないそうです。
According to the newspaper, it won’t rain yet for two or three days.
新聞newspaperにaccording toよるaccording toと、according toまだyet二三two or three日daysはtopic降らrainないnotそうreportedlyです。is
- 明日
- tomorrow
- ビール
- beer
- 二十
- 20
- くらい
- dark
- 上手
- skillful, fluent (See Grammar Notes)
- なれる
- to get used to, get accustomed
- 話せる
- to be able to speak
- 五
- five
- 月
- moon, month (See Grammar Notes)
- まで
- as far as, to (See Gram. Notes)
- 出来上る
- be completed
- ドル
- dollar
- 金
- gold
- 月給
- monthly wage
- 今日
- today
- 雨
- rain
No particular person or thing · Pattern 1 1 of 3
No suitable person
*日本語の 先生を さがしているのですが、これと言う 人が 居ません* means "I am looking for a Japanese teacher, but I have not found anyone suitable."
The *これと言う* from *これと言う訳は ありません* now marks the suitable person not found.
No particular choice
*けっこんしたいのですが、これと言う 女が 居ません* says no particular woman is in mind. The negative sentence rules out a definite choice.
- 47
がんにはまだこれといういいくすりがありません。
There is still no particularly good medicine for cancer.
がんcancerにforはtopicまだstillこれparticularlyとparticularly言うparticularlyいいgood薬medicineがsubjectありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 48
べつにこれというわけはありません。
There is no particular reason.
別particularlyにparticularlyこれparticularとparticular言うparticular訳reasonはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 49
べつにこれというけいかくはありません。
There is no particular plan.
別particularlyにparticularlyこれparticularとparticular言うparticular計画planはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 50
にほんについてこれというほんがありません。
There is no particular book about Japan.
日本Japanにaboutついaboutてaboutこれparticularとparticular言うparticular本bookがsubjectありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 51
けっこんしたいのですが、これというおんながいません。
I would like to get married, but there is no particular woman I have in mind.
けっこんget marriedしdoたいwant toのexplanationですisが、butこれparticularとparticular言うparticular女womanがsubject居existませnot, politeん。not, polite - 52
かしやをさがしていますが、まだこれといういえがありません。
I am looking for a house to rent, but I still have not found a suitable one.
かしrental house家rental houseをobjectさがしam lookingてam lookingいam lookingますam lookingが、butまだstillこれsuitableとsuitable言うsuitable家houseがsubjectありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 53
にほんごのせんせいをさがしているのですが、これというひとがいません。
I am looking for a Japanese teacher, but I have not found anyone suitable.
日本Japanese語Japaneseの's先生teacherをobjectさがしam lookingてam lookingいるam lookingのexplanationですisが、butこれsuitableとsuitable言うsuitable人personがsubject居existませnot, politeん。not, polite - 54
こんしゅうはこれというえいがはありません。
There are no particularly noteworthy movies this week.
今週this weekはtopicこれnoteworthyとnoteworthy言うnoteworthy映画moviesはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 55
こんばんはべつにこれというようじはございません。
I have no particular business this evening.
今晩はthis evening別particularlyにparticularlyこれparticularとparticular言うparticular用事businessはtopic御existざexistいexistませnot, politeん。not, polite
- 家
- house, home
- 今週
- this week
- 映画
- movie
- 用事
- personal business
Having no particular plans · Pattern 1 2 of 3
No particular preference
*別に これと言う 物は ありません。日本料理なら 何でも 食べます* means nothing particular is preferred and any Japanese food is acceptable.
No definite plan
*今のところ これと言う 計画は ありません* means "For now, I have no particular plans."
In *これと言う 計画は ありません*, *これと言う* marks the definite plan that does not exist.
- 56
こんばんはなにをごちそうしましょうか。
What shall I treat you to this evening?
今晩はthis evening何whatをobject御treatちそうtreatしdoましょうshall Iか。question - 57
べつにこれというものはありません。にほんりょうりならなんでもたべます。
There is nothing in particular. I will eat any Japanese food.
別particularにinこれthisとquote言うcalled物thingはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite日本Japanese food料理Japanese foodならif it is何anythingでevenもany食べeatます。polite - 58
にほんへいってなにをなさいますか。
What will you do when you go to Japan?
日本Japanへtoward行っgoてgo何whatをobjectなさいdoますpoliteか。question - 59
いまのところこれというけいかくはありません。
For now, I have no particular plans.
今nowのofところthe presentこれthisとquote言うcalled計画planはtopicありexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 60
こんばんおいそがしいですか。
Are you busy this evening?
今晩this eveningおhonorableいそがしいbusyですisか。question - 61
いいえ、べつにこれというようじはございません。
No, I have no particular business.
いいえ、no別particularにinこれthisとquote言うcalled用事businessはtopic御existざexistいexistませnot, politeん。not, polite - 62
では、いっしょにえいがでもみにいきませんか。
Then, would you like to go see a movie or something together?
でthenは、then一緒togetherにwith映画movieでevenもor something見seeにto行きgoませnot, politeんnot, politeか。question - 63
わたくしはじぶんでにほんごをならいたいとおもっているのですが、なにかいいほんがありますか。
I would like to study Japanese on my own; is there a good book?
私Iはtopic自分myselfでby日本Japanese語Japaneseをobject習いstudyたいwant toとquote思っam thinkingてam thinkingいるam thinkingのexplanationですisが、but何somethingかunspecifiedいいgood本bookがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 64
そうですね。べつにこれというほんはありませんね。
Let me see. There is no particular book I can recommend.
そうlet me seeですlet me seeね。let me see別particularにinこれthisとquote言うcalled本bookはtopicありexistませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right?
- なら
- if it is (See Gram. Notes)
- ます。
- trout
- へ
- to (See Gram. Notes)
- いそがしい
- busy
- 自分
- self
Asking about particular preferences · Pattern 1 3 of 3
No one in mind
*けっこんしたいそうですが、これと言う 女が 居ないそうです* means "I hear he wants to get married, but there is no particular woman he has in mind."
Here *これと言う* marks the particular woman he does not have in mind.
- 65
パーカーさんはまだけっこんしていないのですか。
Has Mr. Parker still not married?
パーカーParkerさんMr.はtopicまだstillけっこんmarryしdoてnot marriedいnot marriedないnot marriedのexplanationですisか。question - 66
けっこんしたいそうですが、これというおんながいないそうです。
I hear he wants to get married, but there is no particular woman he has in mind.
けっこんmarryしdoたいwant toそうI hearですisが、butこれthisとquote言うcalled女womanがsubject居existないnotそうI hearです。is - 67
あなたはなぜさくばんこなかったのですか。
Why did you not come last night?
あなたyouはtopicなぜwhy昨晩last night来comeなかっdid notたpastのexplanationですisか。question - 68
このびょうきにいいくすりがありますか。
Is there a good medicine for this illness?
このthis病気illnessにforいいgood薬medicineがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 69
こんばんなにがたべたいですか。
What would you like to eat this evening?
今晩this evening何whatがsubject食べeatたいwant toですisか。question - 70
にほんへあそびにいらっしゃるそうですが、なんにちくらいとうりゅうなさるおつもりですか。
I hear you are coming to Japan for a visit; about how many days do you intend to stay?
日本Japanへtoward遊びvisitにtoいらっしゃるcomeそうI hearですisが、but何how many days日how many daysくらいaboutとstayうstayりゅうstayなさるdoおhonorableつもりintendですisか。question - 71
いいおんなのにほんごのせんせいがいましたか。
Did you find a good woman Japanese teacher?
いいgood女womanのof日本Japanese語Japaneseのof先生teacherがsubject居existましdid, politeたdid, politeか。question
- なぜ
- why?
- いらっしゃる
- to come, go (honorific verb)
- なさる
- to do (honorific verb) (See Notes)
Things not easily done · Pattern 2 1 of 3
Changes that take time
*日本語は 一年では 中々 上手に なれません* means "You cannot become proficient in Japanese easily in one year."
The *中々* with a negative verb from *この病気は 中々 なおりません* also describes this difficult change.
A result that does not occur
*この コップは とても じょうぶで、中々 こわれません* means the sturdy glass does not break easily. The same pattern describes a result that does not occur readily.
- 72
このびょうきはなかなかなおりません。
This illness is not easily cured.
このthis病気illnessはtopic中々easilyなおりrecoverませnot, politeん。not, polite - 73
にほんごはいちねんではなかなかじょうずになれません。
You cannot become proficient in Japanese easily in one year.
日本Japanese語Japaneseはtopic一one year年one yearでinはtopic中々easily上手proficientにbecomeなれcan becomeませnot, politeん。not, polite - 74
これはおもいから、ひとりではなかなかはこべません。
This is heavy, so one person cannot easily carry it.
これthisはtopic重いheavyから、because一人one personでbyはtopic中々easily運べcan carryませnot, politeん。not, polite - 75
いまごろのかぜはなかなかなおりません。
The colds going around these days do not clear up easily.
今ごろthese daysのofかぜcoldはtopic中々easilyなおりclear upませnot, politeん。not, polite - 76
わたくしはやせようとおもっているのですが、なかなかやせられませんね。
I am trying to lose weight, but I cannot lose it easily.
私Iはtopicやせようtry losing weightとquote思っam tryingてam tryingいるam tryingのexplanationですisが、but中々easilyやせlose weightられcanませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 77
このコップはとてもじょうぶで、なかなかこわれません。
This glass is very sturdy and does not break easily.
このthisコップglassはtopicとてもveryじょうぶsturdyで、and中々easilyこわれbreakませnot, politeん。not, polite - 78
ことしはさくらのはながなかなかさきませんね。
The cherry blossoms are taking a long time to bloom this year, aren’t they?
今年this yearはtopicさくらcherryのof花blossomsがsubject中々readilyさきbloomませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 79
これはにほんではなかなかてにはいりません。
This is not easily obtainable in Japan.
これthisはtopic日本Japanでinはtopic中々easily手obtainにobtainはいりobtainませnot, politeん。not, polite
- から、
- from (See Gram. Notes)
- 一人
- one person
- かぜ
- wind
- とても
- very, indeed
- 今年
- this year
- さくら
- cherry (flower)
- さき
- tip, point
Difficulty finding and obtaining things · Pattern 2 2 of 3
Hard to find
*気に入った 家は 中々 ないものですね* means "It is not easy to find a house you like, is it?"
Here *中々* with *ない* describes difficulty finding a suitable house.
Hard to obtain
*それは このごろでは 中々 手に はいりませんよ* says that the old stamp is not easily obtainable these days.
The same pattern describes laundry that does not dry and difficulty becoming able to read Japanese newspapers.
- 80
きょうはくもっているから、せんたくものがなかなかかわきません。
It is cloudy today, so the laundry is not drying easily.
今日todayはtopic曇っis cloudyてis cloudyいるis cloudyから、becauseせんたくlaundry物laundryがsubject中々easilyかわきdryませnot, politeん。not, polite - 81
いいかしやがありましたか。
Did you find a good house to rent?
いいgoodかrental houseしrental house家rental houseがsubjectありexistましdid, politeたdid, politeか。question - 82
いいえ、まだです。きにいったいえはなかなかないものですね。
No, not yet. It is not easy to find a house you like, is it?
いいえ、noまだyetです。is気likeにto入っlikedたpast家houseはtopic中々easilyないnot existものthe factですisね。right? - 83
いちねんぐらいにほんごをべんきょうしてにほんのしんぶんがよめるようになるでしょうか。
If I study Japanese for about a year, will I become able to read Japanese newspapers?
一one year年one yearぐらいabout日本Japanese語Japaneseをobject勉強studyしdoてand日本Japanのof新聞newspaperがsubject読めるcan readようableにtoなるbecomeでしょうprobablyか。question - 84
いちねんではなかなかにほんのしんぶんがよめるようにはなれませんね。
You cannot easily become able to read Japanese newspapers in one year.
一one year年one yearでinはtopic中々easily日本Japanのof新聞newspaperがsubject読めるcan readようableにtoはtopicなれcan becomeませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 85
このきってはずいぶんふるいものらしいですね。
This stamp seems to be quite old, doesn’t it?
このthis切手stampはtopicずい分quite古いoldものoneらしいseemsですisね。right? - 86
ええ、それはこのごろではなかなかてにはいりませんよ。
Yes, that is not easily obtainable these days.
ええ、yesそれthatはtopicこのごろthese daysでinはtopic中々easily手obtainにobtainはいりobtainませnot, politeんnot, politeよ。I tell you - 87
あなたはたばこをやめたのではないのですか。
Did you not quit smoking?
あなたyouはtopicたばこsmokingをobjectやめquitたpastのthe factでisはtopicないnotのexplanationですisか。question
- ぐらい
- about
- 切手
- postage stamp
- ずい分
- very much
- 古い
- old, antique
- たばこ
- tobacco, cigarette
Difficulty quitting and persuading · Pattern 2 3 of 3
Unable to quit easily
*やめようと 思っているんですが、中々 やめられませんね* means "I am trying to quit, but I cannot quit easily."
In *中々 やめられませんね*, *中々* stresses persistent difficulty.
Someone who will not agree
*かしてくれと 何度も 頼んだのですが、中々 しょうちしないのですよ* says repeated requests still do not gain consent.
- 88
やめようとおもっているんですが、なかなかやめられませんね。
I am trying to quit, but I cannot quit easily.
やめようtry to quitとquote思っam tryingてam tryingいるam tryingんexplanationですisが、but中々easilyやめquitられcanませnot, politeんnot, politeね。right? - 89
たなかさんにじどうしゃをかしてもらうようにたのみましたか。
Did you ask Mr. Tanaka to lend you his car?
田中TanakaさんMr.にto自動car車carをobjectかしlendてlendもらうreceive favorようso thatにto頼みaskましdid, politeたdid, politeか。question - 90
かしてくれとなんどもたのんだのですが、なかなかしょうちしないのですよ。
I asked him many times to lend it to me, but he simply will not agree.
かlendしlendてlendくれto meとquote何many times度many timesもalso頼んaskedだpastのexplanationですisが、but中々simplyしょうちagreeしdoないnotのexplanationですisよ。I tell you - 91
はこべます。
I can carry it.
運べcan carryます。polite - 92
なおります。
It will get well.
なおりget wellます。polite - 93
おぼえられる
Can remember.
おぼえrememberられるcan - 94
こわれる
It breaks.
こわれるbreaks - 95
あめがふる。
It rains.
雨rainがsubject降る。falls
- 車
- vehicle, car
- もらう
- to receive (tangible things)
- だ
- to be (informal equivalent of DESU. See Grammar Notes)
- こわれる
- break (vi)
- 降る。
- to fall (rain) (v.i.)
Declining infectious diseases · Reading Selection 1 of 3
Treatment reduced deaths
The passage explains changes in tuberculosis and infectious childhood diseases. *けっかくは 一番の いのち取りでは なくなりました* says tuberculosis is no longer the leading killer.
Prevention reduced disease
*今日では えいせいが よくなり、ワクチンが 出来、けんこう保険の えいきょうなどで、でんせん病も しだいに げんしょうしています* connects the decline with sanitation, vaccines, and health insurance.
- 96
しかし、きんねんではくすりがよくなったことと、てあてがよくなったため、けっかくはいちばんのいのちとりではなくなりました。
However, in recent years, because medicines and treatment have improved, tuberculosis is no longer the number-one killer.
しかし、however近年recent yearsでinはtopic薬medicinesがsubjectよくimprovedなっimprovedたpast事factと、and手当treatmentがsubjectよくimprovedなっimprovedたpastため、becauseけっかtuberculosisくtuberculosisはtopic一番number oneのofいのちkiller取りkillerでisはtopicなくなりno longerましdid, politeた。did, polite - 97
にほんにはまたでんせんびょうもおおいです。
There are also many infectious diseases in Japan.
日本Japanにinはtopic又alsoでinfectious diseaseんinfectious diseaseせんinfectious disease病infectious diseaseもalso多いmanyです。is - 98
ここにさんねんせきりやインフルエンザがぞうかしていますが、チフスはげんしょうしています。
Dysentery and influenza have increased over the past two or three years, but typhus has decreased.
ここpast二三two or three年yearsせdysenteryきりdysenteryやandインフルエンザinfluenzaがsubjectぞうincreasedかincreasedしhave increasedてhave increasedいhave increasedますhave increasedが、butチフスtyphusはtopicげんしょうdecreasedしhave decreasedてhave decreasedいhave decreasedます。have decreased - 99
しょうにびょうではしょうにまひびょう、ひゃくにちぜき、ジフテリア、ハシカなどがありますが、いまではワクチンのちゅうしゃをやるので、そんなびょうきでしぬこどもはほとんどいません。
Childhood diseases include polio, whooping cough, diphtheria, and measles, but now that children receive vaccine injections, almost no children die of such diseases.
小児childhood病diseasesでamongはtopic小児polioまひpolio病、polio百hundred-day cough日hundred-day coughぜき、hundred-day coughジフテリア、diphtheriaハシカmeaslesなどand othersがsubjectありexistますpoliteが、but今nowでinはtopicワクチンvaccineのofちゅうしゃinjectionsをobjectやるgiveのbecauseで、becauseそんなsuch病気diseasesでfromしぬdie子供childrenはtopicほとんどalmost none居existませnot, politeん。not, polite - 100
こんにちではえいせいがよくなり、ワクチンができ、けんこうほけんのえいきょうなどで、でんせんびょうもしだいにげんしょうしています。
Today, with improved sanitation, the development of vaccines, and the effects of health insurance, infectious diseases are also gradually decreasing.
今日todayでinはtopicえいせいsanitationがsubjectよくimprovedなり、improvedワクチンvaccinesがsubject出来、developedけんこうhealth insurance保険health insuranceのofえいきょうeffectsなどand othersで、throughでinfectious diseaseんinfectious diseaseせんinfectious disease病infectious diseaseもalsoしだいgraduallyにgraduallyげんしょうdecreasedしare decreasingてare decreasingいare decreasingます。are decreasing - 101
にほんじんにおおいびょうきはどんなびょうきですか。
What kinds of illnesses are common among Japanese people?
日本Japanese人Japanese peopleにamong多いcommon病気illnessesはtopicどんなwhat kind病気illnessesですareか。question - 102
このなかでいちばんおそろしいびょうきといえばなんですか。
Of these, what would you say is the most frightening illness?
このthese中amongでamong一番mostおそろしいfrightening病気illnessとquote言えsayばif何whatですisか。question
- チフス
- typhus
Cancer and tuberculosis · Reading Selection 2 of 3
Cancer and tuberculosis
The questions ask about cancer medicine and the reasons tuberculosis was feared. *なぜ はいけっかくは おそれられていますか* means "Why is lung tuberculosis feared?"
Answers draw on weak resistance, difficult recovery, and improved treatment. *がん* is the word for "cancer."
- 103
がんにはいいくすりがありますか。
Is there a good medicine for cancer?
がんcancerにforはtopicいいgood薬medicineがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 104
にほんでもうひとつおそれられているびょうきはどんなびょうきですか。
What is another illness feared in Japan?
日本Japanでinもうanother一oneつoneおそれfearedられfearedてfearedいるfeared病気illnessはtopicどんなwhat kind病気illnessですisか。question - 105
なぜはいけっかくはおそれられていますか。
Why is lung tuberculosis feared?
なぜwhyはいlung tuberculosisけっかlung tuberculosisくlung tuberculosisはtopicおそれfearedられfearedてfearedいfearedますfearedか。question - 106
けっかくきんがとうようにきたのはとおいむかしですか。
Was it long ago that tuberculosis bacilli came to the Orient?
けっかtuberculosis bacilliくtuberculosis bacilliきんtuberculosis bacilliがsubject東洋the Orientにto来cameたpastのthe factはtopic遠いdistantむかしpastですisか。question - 107
とうようじんはけっかくきんにたいするていこうりょくがつよいですか。
Do Orientals have strong resistance to tuberculosis bacilli?
東洋Oriental人Orientalはtopicけっかtuberculosis bacilliくtuberculosis bacilliきんtuberculosis bacilliにto対するagainst抵resistanceこうresistance力resistanceがsubject強いstrongですisか。question - 108
こんにちでははいけっかくはいちばんのいのちとりですか。
Is pulmonary tuberculosis the number one killer today?
今日todayでatはtopicはいpulmonary tuberculosisけっかpulmonary tuberculosisくpulmonary tuberculosisはtopic一番number oneのofいのちkiller取りkillerですisか。question - 109
なぜいちばんのいのちとりではなくなりましたか。
Why is it no longer the number one killer?
なぜwhy一番number oneのofいのちkiller取りkillerでisはtopicなくなりbecome no longerましpoliteたpastか。question
Infectious and childhood diseases · Reading Selection 3 of 3
Which diseases are changing
The questions ask which infectious diseases are increasing or decreasing and which childhood diseases occur. *どんな でんせん病が ぞうかしていますか* means "What kinds of contagious diseases are increasing?"
Answers name the diseases and explain their decline through sanitation, vaccination, and health insurance.
- 110
にほんにはどんなでんせんびょうがありますか。
What kinds of contagious diseases are there in Japan?
日本Japanにinはtopicどんなwhat kindsでcontagious diseaseんcontagious diseaseせんcontagious disease病contagious diseaseがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 111
どんなでんせんびょうがぞうかしていますか。
What kinds of contagious diseases are increasing?
どんなwhat kindsでcontagious diseaseんcontagious diseaseせんcontagious disease病contagious diseaseがsubjectぞうincreaseかincreaseしare increasingてare increasingいare increasingますare increasingか。question - 112
どんなでんせんびょうがげんしょうしていますか。
What kinds of contagious diseases are decreasing?
どんなwhat kindsでcontagious diseaseんcontagious diseaseせんcontagious disease病contagious diseaseがsubjectげんしょうdecreaseしare decreasingてare decreasingいare decreasingますare decreasingか。question - 113
しょうにびょうにはどんなのがありますか。
What kinds of childhood diseases are there?
小児childhood disease病childhood diseaseにamongはtopicどんなwhat kindsのonesがsubjectありexistますpoliteか。question - 114
そんなびょうきでしぬこどもがおおいですか。
Are there many children who die from such diseases?
そんなsuch病気diseasesでfromしぬdie子供childrenがsubject多いmanyですareか。question - 115
こんにちではなぜでんせんびょうもしだいにげんしょうしていますか。
Why are contagious diseases also gradually decreasing today?
今日todayでatはtopicなぜwhyでcontagious diseaseんcontagious diseaseせんcontagious disease病contagious diseaseもalsoしだいgraduallyにgraduallyげんしょうdecreaseしare decreasingてare decreasingいare decreasingますare decreasingか。question
Why tuberculosis is feared · Questions
Two feared diseases
The passage names cancer as the most frightening disease and tuberculosis as another feared disease. *なぜですか* means "Why is that?"
An answer about cancer uses *これと言う* in *がんには 今のところ これと言う いい 薬が ないのです*.
An answer about recovery uses *中々 なおらないのです*, "very difficult to recover."
- 116
にほんじんにおおいびょうきはがん、しんぞうびょう、はいえん、はいけっかく、のういっけつなどです。このなかでいちばんおそろしいびょうきといえばがんでしょう。がんにはいまのところこれといういいくすりがないのです。にほんでもうひとつおそれられているびょうきははいけっかくです。かぞくのだれかがはいけっかくにかかると、だれもこうさいしてくれなくなるのです。けっかくきんがとうようにきたのはあまりとおいむかしのことではありません。それで、けっかくきんにたいするていこうりょくがよわいのです。ですから、いちどけっかくにかかるとなかなかなおらないのです。とうようじんにはおそろしいびょうきです。
Diseases common among the Japanese include cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and cerebral hemorrhage. Of these, cancer is probably the most frightening disease. At present, there is no particularly good medicine for cancer. Another disease feared in Japan is pulmonary tuberculosis. When someone in a family contracts pulmonary tuberculosis, no one will associate with that family. It was not very long ago that tuberculosis bacilli came to the Orient. For that reason, resistance to tuberculosis bacilli is weak. Therefore, once someone contracts tuberculosis, it is very difficult to recover. It is a frightening disease for Orientals.
日本Japanese人Japaneseにamong多いcommon病気diseasesはtopicがん、cancerしんぞうheart disease病、heart diseaseはいpneumoniaえpneumoniaん、pneumoniaはいpulmonary tuberculosisけっpulmonary tuberculosisかく、pulmonary tuberculosisのうcerebral hemorrhageいっけcerebral hemorrhageつcerebral hemorrhageなどand othersです。areこのthese中amongでamong一番mostおそろしいfrightening病気diseaseとas言えsayばifがんcancerでしょう。probably isがんcancerにforはtopic今nowのofところpresentこれthisとquote言うcalledいいgood薬medicineがsubjectないnoのfactです。is日本Japanでinもうanother一anotherつanotherおそれis fearedられis fearedてis fearedいるis feared病気diseaseはtopicはいpulmonary tuberculosisけっpulmonary tuberculosisかくpulmonary tuberculosisです。is家族familyのofだれsomeoneかsomeoneがsubjectはいpulmonary tuberculosisけっかpulmonary tuberculosisくにpulmonary tuberculosisかかるcontractsと、whenだれanyoneもevenこうassociateさいしassociateてassociateくれfor themなくnotなるbecomeのfactです。isけっかtuberculosis bacilliくtuberculosis bacilliきんtuberculosis bacilliがsubject東洋Orientにto来cameたpastのfactはtopicあまりnot very遠いdistantむかしlong agoのof事eventでisはtopicありbeませnot, politeん。not, politeそれthatで、thereforeけっかtuberculosis bacilliくtuberculosis bacilliきんtuberculosis bacilliにto対するagainst抵resistanceこうresistance力resistanceがsubject弱いweakのfactです。isですisから、because一once度onceけっかtuberculosisくにtuberculosisかかるcontractsとwhen中々not easilyなおらrecoverないnotのfactです。is東洋Oriental人Orientalにforはtopicおそろしいfrightening病気diseaseです。is - 117
なぜですか。
Why is that?
なぜwhyですisか。question
- かく、
- each (prefix)
- でしょう。
- probably (See Gram. Notes)
Tuberculosis and fear words · Word list 1 of 4
Tuberculosis and resistance
These words name tuberculosis, infection, fear, association, and resistance. *はいけっかく* means "pulmonary tuberculosis," while *けっかくきん* means "tuberculosis bacilli."
*おそれられています* means "is feared," and *抵こう力* means "resistance."
- 118
はいけっかく
pulmonary tuberculosis
はいけっかくpulmonary tuberculosis - 119
おそれられています
is feared
おそれられていますis feared - 120
こうさいする
to associate
こうさいするassociate - 121
おそれる
fear (v.t.)
おそれるfear - 122
--にかかる
contract (disease); catch, suffer from
--にかかるcontract a disease - 123
けっかくきん
tuberculosis bacilli
けっかくきんtuberculosis bacilli - 124
とうよう
Orient
東洋Orient - 125
とうようじん
Oriental
東洋人Oriental - 126
けっかく
tubercle; tuberculosis
けっかくtuberculosis - 127
(に)たいする
against
(に)対するagainst - 128
ていこうりょく
resistance
抵こう力resistance - 129
よわい
weak
弱いweak
- はいけっかく
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- おそれられています
- is feared
- こうさいする
- to associate
- おそれる
- fear (v.t.)
- --にかかる
- contract (disease); catch, suffer from
- けっかくきん
- tuberculosis bacilli
- 東洋人
- Oriental
- けっかく
- tubercle; tuberculosis
- (に)対する
- against
- 抵こう力
- resistance
Disease and insurance words · Word list 2 of 4
Disease and insurance
These words cover serious diseases, difficulty, reasons, and insurance. *がん* means "cancer," *心ぞう病* means "heart disease," and *けんこう保険* means "health insurance."
*中々* means "by no means," "far from," or "not nearly" with a negative form.
- 130
おそろしい
fearful; dreadful
おそろしいfrightening - 131
なかなか
by no means, far from, not nearly (See Gram. Notes)
中々by no means - 132
いのちとり
killer (as of illness or cause of death)
いのち取りkiller - 133
どういうわけ
what reason
どう言う訳what reason - 134
けんこうほけん
health insurance
けんこう保険health insurance - 135
えいきょう
influence
えいきょうinfluence - 136
しゃかいほけん
social insurance
社会保険social insurance - 137
せいど
system
せいどsystem - 138
がん
cancer (See Cult. Notes)
がんcancer - 139
しんぞうびょう
heart disease
心ぞう病heart disease - 140
はいえん
pneumonia
はいえんpneumonia - 141
のういっけつ
stroke, cerebral hemorrhage
のういっけつcerebral hemorrhage
- いのち取り
- killer (as of illness or cause of death)
- どう言う訳
- what reason
- けんこう保険
- health insurance
- 社会保険
- social insurance
- せいど
- system
- 心ぞう病
- heart disease
- はいえん
- pneumonia
- のういっけつ
- stroke, cerebral hemorrhage
Infections and vaccination words · Word list 3 of 4
Infection and vaccination
These words name infections, childhood diseases, vaccines, injections, and death. *インフルエンザ* means "influenza," *小児病* means "disease of children," and *ワクチン* means "vaccine."
*これと言う* means "definite" or "to speak of."
- 142
いまのところ
as of now, at present
今のところat present - 143
インフルエンザ
influenza
インフルエンザinfluenza - 144
せきり
dysentery
せきりdysentery - 145
これという
definite, to speak of, (See Gram. Notes)
これと言うdefinite - 146
しょうにびょう
disease of children
小児病childhood disease - 147
ひゃくにちぜき
whooping cough
百日ぜきwhooping cough - 148
ジフテリア
diphtheria
ジフテリアdiphtheria - 149
はしか
measles
はしかmeasles - 150
ワクチン
vaccine
ワクチンvaccine - 151
ちゅうしゃ(する)
injection (to give an injection)
ちゅうしゃ(する)give an injection - 152
そういう
such a
そう言うsuch a - 153
しぬ
die (v.i.)
しぬdie
- 今のところ
- as of now, at present
- せきり
- dysentery
- これと言う
- definite, to speak of, (See Gram. Notes)
- 小児病
- disease of children
- 百日ぜき
- whooping cough
- ジフテリア
- diphtheria
- はしか
- measles
- ちゅうしゃ(する)
- injection (to give an injection)
- そう言う
- such a
Foodborne illness words · Word list 4 of 4
Disease and food
These words cover major infectious diseases, refrigeration, food, and food poisoning. *コレラ* means "cholera," *チフス* means "typhus," and *れいぞうこ* means "refrigerator."
*食物関係の* means "related to food," while *食あたり* means "food poisoning."
- 154
コレラ
cholera
コレラcholera - 155
チフス
typhus
チフスtyphus - 156
しょうにまひびょう
infantile paralysis
小児まひ病infantile paralysis - 157
こまったことがありました。
had had a difficult time
困った事がありました。had a difficult time - 158
いっぱんに
in general, generally
一ぱんにin general - 159
れいぞうこ
refrigerator
れいぞうこrefrigerator - 160
しょくもつ
food
食物food - 161
かんけい
relationship
関係relationship - 162
しょくもつかんけいの
related to food
食物関係のrelated to food - 163
しょくあたり
food poisoning
食あたりfood poisoning
Guide for Free Conversation
1 Topic Titles:
a Talk about contagious diseases both in japan and in America
b Talk about tuberculosis in japan.
c Talk about children’s diseases.
d Talk about the most common sickness in japan.Homework
1 Memorize the Dialogue and the vocabulary.
2 Study Grammar Perception Drill.
3 Study pattern Practice and do the exercise following each pattern,
4 Learn to read and write new Kanji.
5 Read the Explanatory Notes.
6 Read the Guide for Free Conversation and do the exercises given.- コレラ
- cholera
- 小児まひ病
- infantile paralysis
- 困った事がありました。
- had had a difficult time
- 一ぱんに
- in general, generally
- れいぞうこ
- refrigerator
- 食物関係の
- related to food
The particulars
- The course
- Defense Language Institute, Japanese Basic Course, 1967 to 1971. Public domain. The teaching pages and the narration are ours.
- Reading aloud
- Digital narration, directed by 1732 Studios.
- The book
- Botchan, the work this course leads to, free to read here.
- Data
- JSON · Markdown · A guide for agents