Swedish · The Wonderful Adventures of Nils
Åsa gåsapiga och lille Mats
Åsa the Goose Girl and Little Mats
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- 1
That year, as Nils Holgersson traveled about with the wild geese, a good deal was said about a pair of children, a boy and a girl, who were wandering through the country.
Detaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of åretåretyearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasedåasdå · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vildgässenNilsNilsNils · proper noun, nominativepart of the phrase dåHolgerssonHolgerssonHolgersson · proper noun, nominativedepends on Nilsfortraveledfor · prepositionpreposition marking vildgässenPast tense of fara (to travel/fly, here of tomte-Nils and geese in flight); mistagged as a preposition. Translation renders it "flew"/"passing over" far more often than "traveled".
omkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies vildgässenmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking vildgässenvildgässenthe wild geesevildgässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to åretattested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock.
taladeswas saidtalaa · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with åretdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies taladesrätta good dealrätt · adverbmodifies mycketmycketa good dealmycket · adverbmodifies taladesomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking barnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies barnbarnchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of taladesenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gossegosseboygosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to barnochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of flickaflickagirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with gossesomwhosom · pronounsubject of vandradeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
vandradewanderedvandra · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on flickagenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of vandrade They were from Småland, from Sunnerbo district, and they had once lived with their parents and four siblings in a small cottage out on a great heath of heather.
Detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of voroSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
vorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
frånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking SmålandSmålandSmålandSmåland · proper noun, nominativemodifies vorofrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking SunnerboSunnerboSunnerboSunnerbo · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of häradhäradhundred (district)härad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with voro'Härad' is a historical Swedish administrative district, not an adjective; mistagged by the parser.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with voroenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies bottbottlivedbott · verb, active, supinedirect object of hademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking föräldrarsinatheirsig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of föräldrarföräldrarparentsförälder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of bottochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies syskonsyskonsiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with föräldrariini · prepositionpreposition marking stugaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stugalitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies stugastugacottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies syskonuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies bottpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking ljunghedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ljunghedstorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ljunghedljunghedheather heathljunghed · numeral, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of uteWhen the two children were still small, a poor wanderer woman had one night late knocked at the door and asked for shelter.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vorodetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
bådabothbåda · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralpart of the phrase Närännustillännu · adverbmodifies vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
småsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on vorosentlatesen · adverbmodifies enenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kvällkvälleveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of fattigfattigpoorfattig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies vandrerskavandrerskawoman wanderervandrerska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularauxiliary of klappatklappatknockedklappa · verb, active, supinerelative clause on kvällpåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking dörrendörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of klappatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbegärtasked forbegära · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hadehusrumlodginghusrum · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of begärtAlthough the cottage could scarcely hold the people who already lived there, she had been let in, and mother had made her a bed on the floor.
Fastänalthoughfastän · subordinating conjunctionlinks the coordinationstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of rymmaknappthardlyknappt · adverbmodifies rymmakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of rymmarymmato holdrymma · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on insläpptdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of människorSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
människorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of rymmasomwhosom · pronounsubject of voroThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
vorowerevoro · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on människorhemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies därdärtheredär · adverbmodifies vorohadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of insläppthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of insläpptblivitbecomebli · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to insläpptinsläpptlet ininsläppa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of retthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of rettrettmaderet · verb, active, supinecoordinated with insläppthenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of rettenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bäddbäddbedbädd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of rettpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking golvetgolvetfloorgolv · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies bäddDuring the night she had lain coughing so hard that the children had thought the whole house shook with it, and by morning she had grown so ill that she had not been able to continue her journey.
Underduringunder · prepositionpreposition marking nattennattennightnatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of legathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of legathonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of legatlegatlainlegat · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhostatcoughedhosta · verb, active, supinecoordinated with legatsåsoså · adverbmodifies hostatattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tycktbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of tyckthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tyckttycktthoughttycka · verb, active, supineclausal complement of legatattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skakathelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies husethusethousehus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of passive skakathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skakatskakathad shakenskakat · verb, active, supineclausal complement of tycktvidwithvid · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of skakatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpåbypå · prepositionpreposition marking morgonenmorgonenmorningmorgon · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivithonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinecoordinated with legatsåsoså · adverbmodifies sjuksjuksicksjuk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivitattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fortsättahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fortsättaintenotinte · particlemodifies fortsättahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fortsättaorkatbeen able toorka · auxiliary verb, active, supinemodifies fortsättafortsättato continuefortsätta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blivitsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of vandringvandringjourneyvandring · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fortsätta- 2
Father and mother had been as good to her as it had been possible for them to be.
Farfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of godaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with Farhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of godavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to godasåasså · adverbmodifies godagodagoodgod · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasemottomot · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of godasomassom · pronounsubject of möjligtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of möjligthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of möjligtvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to möjligtdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralsubject of möjligtmöjligtpossiblemöjlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on hennehalf the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two.
They had given up their own bed to her and lain down on the floor themselves, and father had gone to the doctor and gotten her drops.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of lämnathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lämnatlämnatleftlämna · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of lämnatsintheirsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of sängsängbedsäng · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lämnatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsjälvathemselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on ochlagtlaidlägga · verb, active, supinecoordinated with lämnatsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of lagtpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking golvetgolvetfloorgolv · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of lagtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with lämnattilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking doktorndoktornthe doctordoktor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåttochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskaffatobtainedskaffaa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gåttLemma spelled with a doubled final vowel; the modern lemma is 'skaffa' (to get/obtain).
henneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies droppardroppardropsdropp · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of skaffatThe first days the sick woman had been like one gone wild, only demanding and requiring and never saying a word of thanks, but afterward she had softened and become humble and grateful.
Detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of dagarnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
förstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies dagarnasurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
dagarnadaysdag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of varithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of varitdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukasjukasick womansjuk · adjective, nominative, singularsubject of varitUsed substantively ('den sjuka') to mean 'the sick woman'.
varitbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesomlikesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förvildadförvildadgone wildförvildad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of varitbarajustbara · adverbmodifies begärtbegärtasked forbegära · verb, active, supinecoordinated with varitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfordratdemandedfordraa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with begärtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies sagtsagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supinecoordinated with begärtettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ordordwordord · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of sagttillof thankstill · prepositionmodifies sagttackthankstack · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase tillmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsedanthensedan · adverbmodifies veknathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of veknathonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of veknatveknatsoftenedveknat · verb, active, supinecoordinated with varitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinecoordinated with veknatödmjukhumbleödmjuk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtacksamgratefultacksam · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with ödmjukIn the end she had only begged and pleaded that they would carry her out of the cottage onto the heather, so that she might die there.
Tillin the endtill · prepositionintroduces the clause of bärasistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase Tillhadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activepart of the phrase Tillhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadebarajustbara · adverbmodifies tiggttiggtbeggedtigg · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbettpleadedbeda · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with hadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bäradetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of bäraskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bärabärato carrybära · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of bäraurout ofur · prepositionpreposition marking stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bärautoutut · adverbmodifies bärapåontopå · prepositionpreposition marking ljungenljungenthe heatherljungen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of döattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of döskullemightskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of döfåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on bäradärtheredär · adverbmodifies döWhen the household would not do her this favor, she had told them that in recent years she had roamed about with a band of tinkers.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of göravärdfolkethost householdvärdfolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of göraintenotinte · particlemodifies görahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of göravelatwanted tovela · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on berättathenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of göratillher wishtill · prepositionpreposition marking häriviljesthis favorvilje · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies härihäriin thishäri · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of görahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of berättathonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berättatberättattoldberätta · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseSupine of 'berätta' (told), mistagged as an adjective.
förtoför · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of berättatattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of strukithonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of strukitdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of årenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
sistalastsista · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies årenårenyearsår · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of strukithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of strukitstrukitroamedstrukit · verb, active, supineclausal complement of berättatomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies tattarföljemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking tattarföljeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of tattarföljetattarföljeband of tinkerstattarfölje · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of strukitThe historical term tattare is now dated and often derogatory.
She was not herself of tinker stock, but was the daughter of a landowning farmer, but she had slipped away from home and joined the wandering folk.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tattarsläktvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to tattarsläktintenotinte · particlemodifies varsjälvherselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying inteavofav · prepositionpreposition marking tattarsläkttattarsläkttinker stocktattarsläkt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseThe historical term tattare is now dated and often derogatory.
utanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
varwasvara · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dottermistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'.
dotterdaughterdotter · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with tattarsläkttilloftill · prepositionpreposition marking hemmansägareenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of hemmansägarehemmansägarelandowning farmerhemmansägare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of dottermenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of smugithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of smugitsmugitslipped awaysmugita · verb, active, supinecoordinated with tattarsläktsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of smugitifrånfromifrån · prepositionpreposition marking hemmethemmethomehem · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of smugitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationföljtfollowedfölja · verb, active, supinecoordinated with tattarsläktmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking vandringsfolketvandringsfolketthe wandering folkvandringsfolke · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of följtNow she believed that a tinker woman, who had grown angry with her, had sent the sickness upon her.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies troddetroddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of troddeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of säntenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tattarkvinnatattarkvinnatinker womantattarkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of säntTattare is a historical and now derogatory term for itinerant people.
somwhosom · pronounsubject of blivitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinerelative clause on tattarkvinnaondangryond · verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominativequantifies blivitAdjective 'ond' (angry, in 'bli ond på') mistagged as a verb participle.
påwithpå · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of säntsäntsentsän · verb, active, supineclausal complement of troddesjukdomensicknesssjukdome · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of säntöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies sjukdomenBut that was not all, for the tinker woman had threatened her and said that just as badly as it had gone for her, so it would go for all those who took her in under their roof and were kind to her.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hotatvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to hotatintenotinte · particlemodifies hotatnognot onlynog · adverbmodifies intemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of nogutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
tattarkvinnanthe tinker womantattarkvinnan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hotatThe historical term tattare is now dated and often derogatory.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hotathotatthreatenedhotaa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hotatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsagtsaidsäga · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with hotatReally the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of illalikasålikewiselikaså · adverbmodifies illaillabadlyilla · adjective, nominativeadverbial clause on gåsomassom · pronounsubject of gåttThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supinedepends on illahenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of gåttsjälvherselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying henneskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gådetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to hotatallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of gåsomwhosom · pronounsubject of togeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
togeshould taketoge · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on demHistorical subjunctive form of ta, ‘take’.
emottook inemot · prepositiondepends on togehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of togeunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking taksitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of takpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
takrooftak · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of togeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvorewould bevara · auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, activecopula linking to godagodagoodgod · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with togemottomot · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of godaThis she believed, and so she now begged that they would throw her out of the cottage and never look her way again.
Dettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of troddetroddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of troddepåinpå · prepositiondepends on troddeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärförsodärför · adverbmodifies badbadbeggedbe · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with troddehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of badnunownu · adverbmodifies badattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kastadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kastaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kastakastato throwkasta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on badutoutut · adverbdepends on kastahenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of kastaurout ofur · prepositionpreposition marking stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kastaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies seseseese · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with kastaåtatåt · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of seShe did not want to bring misfortune upon such good people as they were.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bringavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bringaintenotinte · particlemodifies bringabringato bringbringa · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceolyckamisfortuneolycka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of bringaöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking folksåsuchså · adverbmodifies folkgottgoodgod · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase såfolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bringasomassom · pronounsubject of voroThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralrelative clause on folkarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
But the parents had not done as she had asked them.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationföräldrarnaparentsförälder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of gjorthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gjortintenotinte · particlemodifies gjortgjortdonegöra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesomassom · subordinating conjunctiondirect object of betthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of betthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bettbettaskedbet · verb, active, supineclausal complement of gjortSupine 'bett' of be (to ask/pray), unrelated to bita (to bite).
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of bettIt was quite possible that they had been frightened, but they were not the kind who could throw out a poor, dying woman.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with möjligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to möjligtnogquitenog · adverbmodifies möjligtmöjligtpossiblemöjlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasehalf the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blivitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinedepends on möjligtskrämdafrightenedskrämd · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blivitmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with blivitarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
intenotinte · particlemodifies sådanasådanasuchsån · pronoun, pluralmodifies voroColloquial/old plural of sådan ('such').
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kastadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kastakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kastakastato throwkasta · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of voroutoutut · adverbdepends on kastaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of fattigfattigpoorfattig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kastadödssjukdyingdödssjuk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with fattig- 3
Shortly after she had died, and then the misfortunes had begun.
Kortshortlykort · adverbmodifies därpådärpåthen/after thatdärpå · adverbmodifies dötthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dötthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of döttdöttdieddöt · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSupine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies börjathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of börjatolyckornamisfortunesolycka · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of börjatbörjatbegunbörja · verb, active, supinecoordinated with dött Before, they had never known anything but joy in that cottage.
Förutbeforeförut · adverbmodifies vetathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetatdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vetataldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies vetatvetatknownvetaa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceomofom · prepositionintroduces the clause of glädjeannatanything elseannan · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies glädjeänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase annatglädjejoyglädje · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of vetatiini · prepositionpreposition marking stugandenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of glädjeThey had been poor, of course, but not so very badly off even so.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fattigahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fattigavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to fattigafattigapoorfattig · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phraseförståsof courseförstås · adverbmodifies fattigamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies värstsåsoså · adverbmodifies värstvärstso veryvärst · adverbcoordinated with fattigaändåeven soändå · adverbmodifies värstFather was a reed-maker for looms, and mother and the children had helped him with the work.
Farfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vävskedsmakarevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vävskedsmakarevävskedsmakareloom-reed makervävskedsmakare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hjälptochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with vävskedsmakareochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with morhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hjälpthjälpthelpedhjälpa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hjälptmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking arbetetarbetetworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hjälptFather made ready the frame itself for the reeds, mother and the eldest sister carried out the binding, and the younger children planed the teeth smooth and cut them out.
Farfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gjordegjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceireadyi · prepositionmodifies gjordeordningreadyordning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase isjälvaitselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies stommenSurface "själva" is the plural/emphatic form of själv and can mean "themselves" or intensify "the very."
stommenthe framestomm · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gjordetillfortill · prepositionpreposition marking skedarnaskedarnathe reedsskedarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of gjordemormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with skedarnaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies systersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with skedarnaverkställdecarried outverkställde · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gjordebindningenthe bindingbindning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of verkställdedetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
mindreyoungerliten · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of gjordehyvladeplaned smoothhyvla · verb, past, indicative, activemodifies gjordetillsmoothtill · prepositionpreposition marking tändernatändernateethtand · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of gjordeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskurocutskuro · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with tändernaHistorical plural past form of skära.
utoutut · adverbdepends on gjordedemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of gjordeThey worked from morning to evening, but they were always cheerful and merry, especially when father told of the days when he had wandered far away in foreign lands selling loom-reeds.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of arbetadearbetadeworkedarbeta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking kvällmorgonmorningmorgon · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase fråntilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kvällkvälleveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of arbetademenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with arbetadeständigtconstantlyständig · adverbmodifies muntertmuntertcheerfulmuntert · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadech40-p21-s1 and ch45-p2-s6 use it adverbially ("said... cheerfully"); ch41-p9-s1 and ch44-p3-s6 use it predicatively ("were... cheerful").
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationglattgladglatt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with muntertiespeciallyi · prepositionmodifies hadesynnerhetespeciallysynnerhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iOnly occurs in the fixed phrase 'i synnerhet' = especially.
närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of berättadefarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berättadeberättadetoldberätta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hadeomofom · prepositionpreposition marking dagardetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of dagarSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
dagardaysdag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of berättadedåwhendå · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vandrathanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vandratvandratwanderedvandra · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadeomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies långtlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies bortabortafar awayborta · adverbmodifies vandratiini · prepositionpreposition marking landfrämmandestrangefrämmande · adjective, nominativemodifies landlandlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bortaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåltsoldsåla · verb, active, supinecoordinated with bortavävskedarloom reedsvävsked · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of vandratFather had had such a merry humor that mother and all the children sometimes nearly laughed themselves sick over him.
Farfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hafthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of humörsåsuchså · adverbmodifies lustigtlustigtamusinglustig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies humörhumörmerry humorhumör · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haftattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of höllomormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hölloochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of hölloiblandsometimesibland · adverbmodifies höllohöllonearlyhålloa · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on haftSurface 'höllo' is past plural of 'hålla' (to hold/keep); lemma is a spelling artifact.
pånearlypå · prepositionintroduces the clause of skrattaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of skrattainfinitive marker before a verb.
skrattalaughskratta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on höllosigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of skrattafördärvadesickfördärva · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of skrattaåtoveråt · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fördärvade- 4
The time after the poor wanderer's death stood in the children's minds like a heavy dream.
Tidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking döddenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vandrerskansfattigapoorfattig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies vandrerskansvandrerskansthe wanderer'svandrerska · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of döddöddeathdöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies TidenExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
stodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of stodsomlikesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of drömenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of drömsvårhardsvår · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies drömdrömdreamdröm · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of stod They did not know whether it had been short or long, but they remembered that they had constantly had funerals at home.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies vissteomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kortdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of korthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kortvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to kortkortshortkort · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on vissteelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlånglonglång · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with kortmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kommokommocamekommo · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with kortkommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag.
ihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on kommoonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of haftdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of haftjämtconstantlyjämt · adverbmodifies hafthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on kommobegravningarfuneralsbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of haftdärhemmaat homedärhemma · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of haftIt was their siblings who had died and been carried to the grave, one after another.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of syskonvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to syskonderastheirde · pronounpossessor of syskonpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
syskonsiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phrasesomwhosom · pronounsubject of döttThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of döttdöttdieddöt · verb, active, supinerelative clause on syskonSupine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinecoordinated with döttfördacarriedförda · verb, past, participle, plural, nominativecomplement of blivittilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking gravengravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fördagrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
detaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of enaenaoneena · adjective, nominativecomplement of blivitefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking andradetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of andraandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, singularoblique complement of blivitThey had, after all, had no more than four siblings, so that there could not have been more than four funerals held, but the children felt that there had been many more than that.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of haftjuafter allju · adverbmodifies haftintenotinte · particlemodifies hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencefleraseveralflera · pronoun, pluralsubject of haftänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of syskonfyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies syskonsyskonsiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of haftsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of hållitsatttoatt · particlepart of the phrase såinfinitive marker before a verb.
meramoremycket · adverbmodifies fyraänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase merafyrafourfyra · numeral, nominativequantifies begravningarbegravningarfuneralsbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of hållitskundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hållitsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with hållitsjuafter allju · adverbmodifies hållitsintenotinte · particlemodifies hållitshahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of hållitshållitsbeen heldhållits · verb, passive, supineadverbial clause on haftmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with haftattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fleradetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with flerahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fleravaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to fleramångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies flerafleraseveralflera · pronoun, pluralclausal complement of tyckteänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såsåthatså · adverbadverbial clause on fleraIt had at last grown so silent and heavy inside the cottage.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivittillat lasttill · prepositionmodifies blivitsistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase tillblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesåsoså · adverbmodifies tysttystquiettyst · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtungtheavilytung · adverbcoordinated with tystinneinsideinne · adverbmodifies tystiinsidei · prepositionpreposition marking stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tystIt was as if a wake were being held there every single day.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ,somas ifsom · subordinating conjunctionsubject of gravölomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of firatsdärtheredär · adverbmodifies firatshadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of firatsfiratsbeen heldfira · verb, passive, supineadverbial clause on gravölgravölfuneral wakegravöl · verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominativerelative clause on Detvarwasvara · pronoun, common gender, singularpreposition marking gravölthe surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun.
dagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase var- 5
Mother had somehow kept up her spirits, but father had become quite unlike himself.
Mormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenågotmore or lessnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hadesåmore or lessså · adverbmodifies hållitnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hållithållitkepthålla · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadeSurface "hållit" spans several idioms in this book: literal "held" (hållit trogen vakt = kept faithful watch), "hållit ut" (held out/endured), "hållit på" (had been -ing, continuous aspect), and "hållit sig" (stayed/remained). A single fixed gloss of "held" misrenders the hållit på / hållit sig examples.
modetcouragemod · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hållituppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies hållitmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hadesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of blivitalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies olikolikunlikeolik · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivit He could no longer either joke or work, but sat from morning to evening with his head bowed in his hands, only brooding.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of merakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of meraintenotinte · particlemodifies merameralongermycket · adverbmodifies lutatvarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskämtajokeskämta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with meraelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationarbetaworkarbeta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with merautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on merafrånfromfrån · prepositiondepends on sattmorgonmorningmorgon · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase fråntilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kvällkvälleveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sattmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies kvälllutatbowedlutaa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceiini · prepositionpreposition marking händernahändernathe handshändere · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of lutatLemma is a corrupted form; the word is 'händerna' (the hands).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbarajustbara · adverbmodifies funderadefunderadeponderedfunderad · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with lutatpast tense of fundera ('to ponder'); mistagged as adjective.
- 6
Once — it was after the third funeral — father had burst out in wild talk that had frightened the children to hear.
Enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of brutitdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of begravningenvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to begravningenefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking begravningendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of begravningentredjethirdtre · adjective, nominativemodifies begravningenSurface 'tredje' is the ordinal 'third', though lemma is tagged as the cardinal 'tre'.
begravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularparallel clause to gånghadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of brutitfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of brutitbrutitbrokenbruta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceutoutut · adverbdepends on brutitiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking talettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of talviltwildvilt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies taltaltalktal · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of brutitsomthatsom · pronounoblique complement of blivitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinerelative clause on talskrämdafrightenedskrämed · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blivitavtoav · prepositionintroduces the clause of höraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hörainfinitive marker before a verb.
hörato hearhöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on skrämda He could not understand, he had said, why such misfortune should come upon them.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förståkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förståintenotinte · particlemodifies förståförståunderstandförstå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagtsagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on förståvarförwhyvarför · adverbmodifies kommadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of kommaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of sagtsådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies olyckasån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
olyckamisfortuneolycka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommaöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of kommaThey had, after all, done a good deed when they had helped the sick woman.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gjorthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gjortjuafter allju · adverbmodifies gjortgjortdonegöra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gärninggodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies gärninggärningdeedgärning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gjortnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hjälptdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hjälpthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hjälpthjälpthelpedhjälpa · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gjortdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukasjukasick womansjuk · adjective, nominative, singulardirect object of hjälptUsed substantively ('den sjuka') to mean 'the sick woman'.
Was it then so, that evil was mightier than good here in the world?
Varwasvar · adverbintroduces the clause of mäktigaredetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Vardåthendå · adverbpart of the phrase Varsåsoså · adverbpart of the phrase Varattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mäktigaredetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ondaondaevilönja · adjective, nominativesubject of mäktigarevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mäktigaremäktigaremightiermäktig · adjective, nominative, comparativehead of the phraseänthanän · prepositionpreposition marking härdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of härgodagoodgod · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies härhärherehär · adverbmodifies mäktigareiini · prepositionpreposition marking världenvärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of härMother had tried to talk sense into father, but she had not been able to make him calm and resigned, as she herself was.
Mormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försökthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försöktförsökttriedförsöka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of talainfinitive marker before a verb.
talato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of försöktförståndsenseförstånd · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of talamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking farfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies förståndmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåintenotinte · particlemodifies fåkunnatbeen able tokunna · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of fåfåmakefå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with försökthonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of fålugncalmlugn · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of fåochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationundergivenresignedundergiven · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with lugnsomassom · pronounintroduces the clause of honThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varsjälvherselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying honvarwasvar · pronoun, common gender, singularadverbial clause on få"var" is both the interrogative/relative adverb "where" and the past tense of vara ("was"); the parser conflated the two under one type.
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A couple of days later it was all over for father.
Ettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies dagardagardaysdag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of slutdärefterafterwarddärefter · adverbmodifies sluthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of slutdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of slutvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to slutslutoverslut · adjective, nominativehead of the phrasemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking farfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of slut But he had not died, he had gone his own way.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of dötthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of döttintenotinte · particlemodifies döttdöttdieddöt · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSupine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'.
utanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on döttsinawaysig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of vägvägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gåttYou see, the eldest sister had fallen ill, and her father had always loved the most.
Selookse · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceäldstaoldestgammal · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies systersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to Sesjuknatfallen illsjukna · verb, active, supinedirect object of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularsubject of hållithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hållitfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hållitalltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies hållithållitlovedhålla · verb, active, supinecoordinated with SeSurface "hållit" spans several idioms in this book: literal "held" (hållit trogen vakt = kept faithful watch), "hållit ut" (held out/endured), "hållit på" (had been -ing, continuous aspect), and "hållit sig" (stayed/remained). A single fixed gloss of "held" misrenders the hållit på / hållit sig examples.
mestmostmycket · adverbmodifies hållitavloveav · prepositionpreposition marking hållitAnd when he saw that she too would die, he had fled from all the misery.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hadepast tense of se, 'to see.'
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of döocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies döhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of döskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of såghadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeflyttfledflytt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadesupine of the verb fly (to flee), used with hade; mistagged as a noun.
frånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking eländetalltallall · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of eländeteländetmiseryelände · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hadeMother had said nothing more than that it was best for father that he was gone.
Mormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtintenotinte · particlemodifies sagtsagtsaidsäga · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseReally the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective.
annatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sagtänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bästattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bästdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of bästvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to bästbästbestbra · adjective, nominative, superlativeadverbial clause on sagtförforför · prepositionpreposition marking farfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bästattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sagtbortagoneborta · adverbmodifies varShe had been afraid that he would go out of his mind.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of räddhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of räddvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to räddräddafraidrädd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseförthatför · prepositionintroduces the clause of bliattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase förhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblito becomebli · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on räddtokigmadtokig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliHe was tormenting himself half to madness over the thought that God could allow a wicked person to cause so much harm.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of grubbladegrubbladeponderedgrubbla · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of grubbladefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking vettetvettethis sensesvett · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of grubbladeöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of grubbladeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tillåtaGudGodGud · proper noun, nominativesubject of tillåtakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tillåtatillåtato allowtillåta · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of grubbladeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människaelakwickedelak · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of tillåtaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of anstiftainfinitive marker before a verb.
anstiftacauseanstifta · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying människasåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbmodifies ontontharmont · adjective, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of anstiftaBoth examples ('göra oss något ont' = 'do us harm', 'inte hade förmått göra mycket ont' = 'not been able to do much harm') attest the sense 'harm', not 'pain', which was the pinned default gloss.
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After father had gone away, they had grown very poor.
Sedansincesedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåttfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgone awaygå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on blivitbortawaybort · adverbdepends on gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencemycketverymycket · adverbmodifies fattigafattigapoorfattig · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of blivit At first he had sent them money, but afterward things must have gone badly for him, for he had stopped sending anything.
Iat firsti · prepositionpreposition marking börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skickathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skickathanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skickatskickatsentskickaa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralindirect object of skickatpengarmoneypengar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of skickatmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsedanthensedan · adverbmodifies hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gåttvälmustväl · adverbmodifies gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with skickatillabadlyilla · adverbmodifies gåttförforför · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåttochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of upphörthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of upphörtupphörtceasedupphöra · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gåttatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sändainfinitive marker before a verb.
sändato sendsända · verb, active, infinitivedepends on upphörtnågotanythingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sändaAnd on the very day the eldest sister was buried, mother had shut up the cottage and left home with the two children she still had left.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stängtsomwhensom · subordinating conjunctiondirect object of blivitäldstaoldestgammal · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies systersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineclause modifying dagbegravenburiedbegrav · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcomplement of blivithadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of stängtmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadestängtshut/closedstäng · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencestugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of stängtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgåttleftgå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with stängthemifrånfrom homehemifrån · adverbdepends on gåttmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking barnendetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
tvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of gåttsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of hadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeännustillännu · adverbmodifies hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on barnenkvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on hadeShe had wandered to Skåne to work in the beet fields, and she had gotten a place at Jordberga sugar refinery.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vandrathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vandratvandratwanderedvandra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkåneSkåneSkåneSkåne · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of vandratförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of arbetaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of arbetainfinitive marker before a verb.
arbetaworkarbeta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on vandratpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking betfältenbetfältenbeet fieldsbetfält · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of arbetaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttfåttgottenfå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with vandratplatsplaceplats · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåttpåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking sockerbrukJordbergaJordbergaJordberga · proper noun, genitivepossessor of sockerbrukEstate name; appears in compound and possessive-like use.
sockerbruksugar millsockerbruk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of fåttMother had been a good worker and had had a cheerful, courageous manner.
Mormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of arbeterskahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of arbeterskavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to arbeterskaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of arbeterskagodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies arbeterskaarbeterskaworkerarbetersk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinecoordinated with arbeterskaettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sättglattgladglatt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sättochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrimodigtcourageousfrimodig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with glattsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haftEveryone had liked her very much.
Allaallall · pronoun, pluralsubject of tyckthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tyckttycktthoughttycka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencemycketvery muchmycket · adverbmodifies tycktomlikeom · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tycktMany had marveled that she could be so calm after all she had gone through.
Mångamanymången · pronoun, pluralsubject of förvånathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förvånatförvånatmarveledförvåna · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of förvånatöveratöver · prepositionintroduces the clause of lugnattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lugnhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lugnkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lugnvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to lugnsåsoså · adverbmodifies lugnlugncalmlugn · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on förvånatefterafterefter · prepositionmodifies lugnallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase eftervadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of gåtthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgone throughgå · verb, active, supineclausal complement of förvånatigenomthroughigenom · prepositiondepends on gåttBut mother was a very strong and long-suffering woman.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of människavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to människaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människamycketverymycket · adverbmodifies starkstarkstrongstark · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtåligpatienttålig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with starkmänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseWhen someone spoke to her of the two fine children she had with her, she would only say: "They'll soon die too, those two."
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of taladenågonsomeonenågon · determiner, common gender, singularsubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of taladeomifom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking barnendetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
tvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies barnenpräktigasplendidpräktig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of taladesomthatsom · pronoundirect object of fördeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fördefördehad with herförde · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on barnenmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of fördesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadebarajustbara · adverbmodifies sadeDetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of döskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of dösnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralparallel clause to döocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies deShe said this without her voice trembling and without a tear coming to her eyes.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadesadesaidsa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sadeutanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of skälvdeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skälvderöstenvoiceröst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skälvdeskälvdetrembledskälvde · noun, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationutanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of fåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of fåinfinitive marker before a verb.
fågetfå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with skälvdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tårtåra teartår · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåitoi · prepositionpreposition marking ögonenögonenthe eyesögonen · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of fåShe had grown used to expecting nothing else.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevantgrown usedvan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadesigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of hadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of väntainfinitive marker before a verb.
intenotinte · particlemodifies väntaväntato waitvänta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadenågotanythingnågon · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of annatannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of vänta- 9
But it had not gone as mother had thought.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttintenotinte · particlemodifies gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesåasså · adverbmodifies gåttsomassom · subordinating conjunctiondirect object of hademormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gåtttrottbelievedtrott · verb, active, supinedirect object of hade The sickness had instead come upon herself.
Sjukdomensicknesssjukdome · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitiinsteadi · prepositionmodifies kommitställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase ikommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitsjälvherselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies kommitIt went quickly with mother, even faster than with the little ones.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttwentgå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencefortfastfort · adverbmodifies gåttmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåttännuevenännu · adverbmodifies fortarefortarefastfort · adverbmodifies gåttänthanän · prepositionpreposition marking småsyskonenmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking småsyskonensmåsyskonenyounger siblingssmåsyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of gåttShe had come to Skåne at the start of summer, and before autumn she had left the children alone.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking SkåneSkåneSkåneSkåne · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of kommitiat the starti · prepositionpreposition marking börjanbörjanbeginningbörjan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitavofav · prepositionpreposition marking sommarensommarensummersommar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies börjanochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförebeforeföre · prepositionpreposition marking höstenhöstenautumnhöst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lämnathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lämnathonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lämnatlämnatleftlämna · verb, active, supinecoordinated with kommitbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of lämnatensammaaloneensam · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of lämnat- 10
While mother lay sick, she said to the children many times that they should remember that she had never regretted having let the sick woman stay with them.
Medanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lågmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låglåglayligga · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on sademistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'.
sjuksicksjuk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lågsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sademångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies gångergångertimesgång · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sadetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies gångerattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kommaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of sadeihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on kommaonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ångrathonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ångrataldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies ångrathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ångratångratregrettedångra · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on kommaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bohonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bohadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bolåtitletlåta · verb, active, supineauxiliary of bodenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bosjukasick womansjuk · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies boUsed substantively ('den sjuka') to mean 'the sick woman'.
boto livebo · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on ångrat"To dwell/live"; not to be confused with bo, "nest".
hoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of bo For it was not hard to die, mother had said, when one had done right.
Förforför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with svårtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to svårtintenotinte · particlemodifies svårtsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of döinfinitive marker before a verb.
döto diedö · verb, active, infinitivedepends on svårthadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with svårtmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadesagtsaidsäga · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies hadeReally the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective.
närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gjortmanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gjorthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gjortgjortdonegöra · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on haderättrighträtt · adverbdirect object of gjortAll people must die, that one could not escape.
Allaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of döskullemustskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularadverbial clause on undslippakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of undslippamanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of undslippaintenotinte · particlemodifies undslippaundslippaescapeundslippa · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to döBut one could decide for oneself whether one wished to die with a good conscience or a bad one.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsjälvoneselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies avgörakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of avgöramanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of avgöraavgöradecideavgöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dömanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of dövillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of avgöramedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking samveteettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of samvetegottgoodgod · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies samvetesamveteconsciencesamvete · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of döelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking dåligtettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of dåligtdåligtbaddålig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with samvete- 11
Before mother passed away, she had tried to arrange a little for her children.
Innanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåttmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttpassed awaygå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on försöktbortawaybort · adverbdepends on gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försökthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försöktförsökttriedförsöka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of ordnainfinitive marker before a verb.
ordnaarrangeordna · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of försöktliteta littlelitet · adverbmodifies ordnaförforför · prepositionpreposition marking barnsinahersig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of barnbarnchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of ordna She had asked that they be allowed to keep the room where all three of them had lived during the summer.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of betthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bettbettaskedbet · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSupine 'bett' of be (to ask/pray), unrelated to bita (to bite).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stannadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of stannaskullemightskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of stannafåbe allowed tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of stannastannastaystanna · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of bettiini · prepositionpreposition marking kammarenkammarenthe roomkammar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stannadärtheredär · adverbmodifies bottdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of botthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bottbottlivedbott · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on stannaallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of tretrethreetre · numeral, nominativedirect object of bottunderduringunder · prepositionpreposition marking sommarensommarensummersommar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bottIf the children only had a home, they would not become a burden to anyone.
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of hadebarajustbara · adverbmodifies hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on fallaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bostadbostaddwellingbostad · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadeskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of falladetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fallaintenotinte · particlemodifies fallafallato fallfalla · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencenågonanyonenågon · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of fallatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking lastlastburdenlast · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fallaThey would support themselves, that she knew.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of försörjaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försörjaförsörjato supportförsörja · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of försörjasjälvathemselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluralclause modifying sigdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to försörjahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visste- 12
The children had been allowed to keep the room on the condition that they had promised to herd the geese, for it is always hard to find children willing to take on that task.
Barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of fåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttfåttbeen allowedfå · auxiliary verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentence"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
behållato keepbehålla · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of fåttrummetroomrum · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of behållamoton the condition thatmot · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of behållaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lovatdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of lovathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lovatlovatpromisedlovat · verb, active, supineclausal complement of behållaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vallavallato herdvalla · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of lovatgässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of vallagässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
förforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of svårtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with svårtärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to svårtalltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies svårtsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with vallaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of finnainfinitive marker before a verb.
finnafindfinna · verb, active, infinitivedepends on svårtbarnchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of finnasomwhosom · pronounsubject of åtagaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
viljato wantvilja · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of åtagaåtagatake onåtaga · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on barnsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativeindirect object of åtagadenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sysslansysslanthe tasksysslan · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of åtaga It really did turn out as mother had said, that they supported themselves.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceverkligenreallyverkligen · adverbmodifies blevsåasså · adverbmodifies blevsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sagtmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on blevattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of försörjdedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of försörjdeförsörjdesupportedförsörja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on blevsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of försörjdesjälvathemselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluralclause modifying sigThe girl could boil sweets, and the boy could carve wooden toys, which they sold at the farms.
Flickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kokakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kokakokato boilkoka · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencekaramellersweetskaramell · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of kokaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgossenboygosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skärakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skäraskäracutskär · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with kokaträleksakerwooden toysträleksak · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of skärasomwhichsom · pronoundirect object of såldeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of såldesåldesoldsåla · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on träleksakerPast tense of sälja ("to sell"); the given lemma "såla" is a tagging artifact.
iati · prepositionpreposition marking gårdarnagårdarnathe farmsgårdarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of såldeThey had a gift for trade, and they soon began buying up eggs and butter from the farmers, which they sold to the sugar-refinery workers.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefallenheta giftfallenhet · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking handelhandeltradehandel · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadesnartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies börjadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of köpainfinitive marker before a verb.
hoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking böndernaböndernathe farmersbönderna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of köpaköpato buyköpa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on börjadeuppupupp · adverbdepends on köpaäggeggägg · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of köpaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsmörbuttersmör · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with äggsomwhichsom · pronoundirect object of såldeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of såldesåldesoldsåla · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on smörPast tense of sälja ("to sell"); the given lemma "såla" is a tagging artifact.
tilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking sockerbruksarbetarnasockerbruksarbetarnathe refinery workerssockerbruksarbet · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of såldeThere was such order and reliability about them that one could entrust them with anything.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sådanvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sådansådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasesån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
redafind outreda · adverbmodifies sådanpart of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationordningorderordning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sådanmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies ordningattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of anförtromanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of anförtrokundecouldkunna · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of anförtroanförtroto entrustanförtro · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying ordningInfinitive verb 'anförtro', mistagged as a noun.
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of anförtrovadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of anförtrosomeversom · conjunctionpart of the phrase vadhelstanythinggärna · adverbmodifies vadType lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most).
The girl was the elder, and when she was thirteen, she was already as dependable as a grown person.
Flickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of äldstvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to äldstäldstoldestäldst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of århonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of årvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to årtrettonthirteentretton · numeral, nominativequantifies åråryearsår · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of pålitligvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to pålitlighonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies pålitligpålitligdependablepålitlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with äldstsomassom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking människaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människastorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of pålitligShe was quiet and earnest, but the boy was talkative and merry, and his sister used to say of him that he cackled in competition with the geese out in the fields.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tystvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to tysttystquiettyst · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallvarsamseriousallvarsam · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with tystmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpojkenboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of språksamvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to språksamspråksamtalkativespråksam · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with tystochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmuntermerrymunt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with språksamMislabeled as a plural noun; munter is the adjective "cheerful/merry" (common gender singular).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsysternsistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of brukadebrukadeused tobruka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with tystsägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of brukadeomofom · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of brukadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kackladehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kackladekackladecackledkackla · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on brukadeiin competitioni · prepositionpreposition marking gässenkappracekapp · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iused in the phrase 'i kapp (med)', 'racing/in competition (with)'.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking gässengässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kackladegässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
uteoutsideute · adverbmodifies kackladepåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking åkrarnaåkrarnafieldsåkr · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of ute- 13
When the children had been at Jordberga a couple of years, a lecture was held one evening in the schoolhouse.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varitbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of varithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of varitvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on höllsvidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking JordbergaJordbergaJordbergaJordberga · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of varitettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies åråryearsår · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies Jordbergahöllswas heldhölls · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kvällkvälleveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive höllsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of föreläsningföreläsninglectureföreläsning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of höllsiini · prepositionpreposition marking skolhusetskolhusetthe schoolhouseskolhus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies föreläsning It was really meant for adults, but the two Småland children sat among the listeners.
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of ämnadvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ämnadnogprobablynog · adverbmodifies ämnadegentligenreallyegentligen · adverbmodifies ämnadämnadmeantämna · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseförforför · prepositionpreposition marking vuxnavuxnagrown-upvuxen · adjective, nominative, pluraloblique complement of ämnadmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of SmålandsbarnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
tvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies SmålandsbarnenSmålandsbarnenthe Småland childrenSmålandsbarnen · proper noun, genitivepossessor of suttosuttosatsutto · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with ämnadOld plural past tense of sitta ('to sit'), mistagged here as a noun.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking åhörarnablandamongbland · prepositionpreposition marking åhörarnaåhörarnathe listenersåhör · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies suttoThey did not count themselves as children, and scarcely anyone else did either.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of räknaderäknadecountedräkna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of räknadeintenotinte · particlemodifies räknadesjälvathemselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies räknadesomassom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of räknadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gjordegjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with räknadeknappthardlyknappt · adverbmodifies gjordenågonanyonenågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of annanannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies gjordehellereitherheller · adverbmodifies gjordeThe lecturer had spoken about the serious disease tuberculosis, which kills so many people in Sweden every year.
Föreläsarenlecturerföreläsar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of talathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talattalattalkedtala · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking tuberkulosendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tuberkulosensvåradifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies tuberkulosensjukdomensicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies tuberkulosentuberkulosentuberculosistuberkulos · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talatsomwhichsom · pronounoblique complement of dödarThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varteveryvart · determiner, neuter, singularmodifies dödaråryearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase vartdödarkillsdöda · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on tuberkulosensåsoså · adverbmodifies mångamångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of dödariini · prepositionpreposition marking SverigeSverigeSwedenSverige · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of dödarHe had spoken very clearly and plainly, and the children had understood every single word.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of talathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talattalattalkedtala · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencemycketverymycket · adverbmodifies redigtredigtclearlyredig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies talatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationklartclearklar · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with redigtochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of förståtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förståttförståttunderstoodförstå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with talatvartendaevery singlevartend · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ordLemma should be 'vartenda'; determiner meaning 'every single one'.
ordwordord · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of förstått- 14
After the lecture they had stationed themselves to wait outside the schoolhouse.
Efterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking föreläsningenföreläsningenlectureföreläsning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ställthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ställtdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of ställtställtput/placedställa · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of ställtatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of väntainfinitive marker before a verb.
väntato waitvänta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of ställtutanföroutsideutanför · prepositionpreposition marking skolhusetskolhusetthe schoolhouseskolhus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of vänta When the lecturer came out, they took each other's hand, walked up to him quite solemnly, and asked if they might speak with him.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitföreläsarenlecturerföreläsar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on togotogotooktogo · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceOld plural past tense of taga/ta ('to take').
detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of varandraSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
varandraeach othervarandra · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of togoiby the handi · prepositionmodifies togohandhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase igingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, singularcoordinated with iPast plural of 'gå' (to go/walk); mistagged as an adjective. Lemma should be 'gå'.
emotup toemot · prepositionpart of the phrase ihonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of iheltquitehelt · adverbmodifies högtidligthögtidligtsolemnlyhögtidlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of togoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbådoaskedbådo · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with högtidligtattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of taladetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of talaskullemightskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talafåbe allowed tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of talatalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivedepends on togomedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tala- 15
The stranger had no doubt wondered at the two who stood there with round, rosy child-faces and spoke with a gravity that would have suited them if they had been three times as old, but he listened to them very kindly.
Denaen · determiner, common gender, singularsubject of undratfrämmandestrangefrämmande · adjective, nominativemodifies hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of undratvälno doubtväl · adverbmodifies undratundratwonderedundrad · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasepåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking gamladetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of tvåSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
tvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies gamlasomwhosom · pronounsubject of stodoThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
stodostoodstodo · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on tvådärtheredär · adverbmodifies barnansiktenmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking barnansiktenrundaroundrund · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies barnansiktenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationrosigarosyrosig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with rundabarnansiktenchild-facesbarnansikt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stodoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stodomedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking allvarettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of allvarallvargravityallvar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of taladesomthatsom · pronounsubject of passatThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of passathahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of passatpassatsuitedpassa · verb, active, supinerelative clause on allvaromifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gamladetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gamlahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gamlavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to gamlatrethreetre · numeral, nominativequantifies gångergångertimesgång · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of såsåasså · adverbmodifies gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, pluraloblique complement of undratmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hördehördeheardhöra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with undratpåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of hördemycketverymycket · adverbmodifies vänligtvänligtfriendlyvänlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies hörde - 16
The children told what had happened at home, and they now asked the lecturer whether he believed their mother and siblings had died of the disease he had described.
Barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of berättadeberättadetoldberätta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on häntsomwhatsom · pronounsubject of häntThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hänthänthappenedhända · verb, active, supineclausal complement of berättadehemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies hänthoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of häntochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of frågadefrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with berättadenunownu · adverbmodifies frågadeföreläsarenlecturerföreläsar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågadeomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of troddehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of troddetroddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on frågadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of frågadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsyskonensiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of dötthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of döttdöttdieddöt · verb, active, supinecoordinated with morSupine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking sjukdomendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomensjukdomensicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies döttsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of beskrivitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of beskrivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of beskrivitbeskrivitdescribedbeskri · verb, active, supinerelative clause on sjukdomen It was quite likely, he answered.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with troligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to troligtnogquitenog · adverbmodifies troligttroligtlikelytrolig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasesvaradeansweredsvara · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to troligthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of svaradeIt could hardly have been any other disease.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sjukdomkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sjukdomknappasthardlyknappast · adverbmodifies sjukdomhahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of sjukdomvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to sjukdomnågonanynågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sjukdomsjukdomsicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrase- 17
But if mother and father had known this, which the children had gotten to hear that evening, so that they could have been on their guard; if they had burned up the wanderer's clothes, if they had scrubbed the cottage thoroughly clean and not used the bedding — might they perhaps have lived, all those the children now grieved for?
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationomifom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with morhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetatvetatknownveta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of vetatsomwhichsom · pronoundirect object of höraThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of hörahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörafåttgotten to hearfå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of höra"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
hörato hearhöra · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on dettaithis eveningi · prepositionpreposition marking kvällkvälleveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hörasåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of aktaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of aktahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of aktakunnatbeen able tokunna · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of aktaaktawatch out/bewareakta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of aktaomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bräntdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of bränthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bräntbräntburnedbränd · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadeuppupupp · adverbdepends on bräntklädernaclotheskläder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of bräntefterofefter · prepositionpreposition marking vandrerskanvandrerskanwoman wanderervandrerska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bräntomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on bräntskuratscrubbedskura · verb, active, supinemodifies stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadevälthoroughlyväl · adverbmodifies renrencleanren · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies begagnatbegagnatusedbegagna · verb, active, supinecoordinated with rensängklädernathe beddingsängkläderna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to vetatdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadedåthendå · subordinating conjunctionmodifies levatkanskeperhapskanske · adverbmodifies levatlevatlivedlevat · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of hadeallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of dedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralin apposition to levatsomwhosom · pronounoblique complement of sörjdeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sörjdenunownu · adverbmodifies sörjdesörjdegrieved forsörjde · proper noun, nominativerelative clause on de And the lecturer had said that no one could answer that with complete certainty, but he would well believe that none of their nearest need have fallen ill, if they had known how to guard against the infection.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationföreläsarenlecturerföreläsar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of svaradettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of svarakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of svaraingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singularsubject of svarasvarato answersvara · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of sagtpåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking bestämtalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies bestämtbestämtdefinitelybestämma · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of svaramenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnogwellnog · adverbmodifies troskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of trohanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trotrobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with svaraattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bliingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of bliavofav · prepositionpreposition marking närmastederastheirde · pronounpossessor of närmastepossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
närmastenearestnära · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies ingenhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blibehövtneededbehövt · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of trosjuksicksjuk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förståttdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of förståtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förståttförståttunderstoodförstå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with bliatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of skyddainfinitive marker before a verb.
skyddaprotectskydda · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of förståttsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of skyddamotagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking smittansmittaninfectionsmitta · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skydda- 18
Now the children delayed a while with the next question, but they did not move from the spot, for what they were now to be answered was the most important thing of all.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies dröjdedröjdedelayeddröja · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of dröjdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of dröjdemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking fråganästanextnästa · adjective, nominativemodifies frågafrågaquestionfråga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of dröjdemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of flyttadeflyttademovedflytta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with dröjdesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of flyttadeintenotinte · particlemodifies flyttadeurout ofur · prepositiondepends on flyttadeställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase urförforför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of flyttadesomwhatsom · pronounoblique complement of fåThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fånunownu · adverbmodifies fåskullewere toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåfåreceivefå · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on detsvaranswersvar · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fåpåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking somvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to viktigastedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of viktigasteallraof allallra · adverbmodifies viktigaste"Most of all" only fits "allra ondast" (angriest of all); in "allra vackraste," "allra tunnaste," and "allra förskräckligaste" allra intensifies the following superlative and renders as "very" (the very loveliest/thinnest/worst).
viktigastemost importantviktig · adjective, nominative, superlativeadverbial clause on få Was it not true, then, that the tinker woman had sent the sickness upon them because they had helped the one she was angry with?
Varwasvar · adverbmodifies santdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Vardåthendå · adverbpart of the phrase Varintenotinte · particlemodifies santsanttruesant · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sänttattarkvinnanthe tinker womantattarkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of säntTattare is a historical and now derogatory term for itinerant people.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of säntsäntsentsän · verb, active, supinedepends on santsjukdomensicknesssjukdome · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of säntöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of säntdärförbecausedärför · adverbintroduces the clause of hjälptattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase därfördetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hjälpthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hjälpthjälpthelpedhjälpa · verb, active, supinerelative clause on demdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of hjälptsomthatsom · pronoundirect object of ondThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ondvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ondondangryond · adjective, nominativeadverbial clause on hjälptond usually means 'angry/furious' in these contexts, but can mean 'evil' elsewhere.
påwithpå · prepositionpreposition marking ondHad it not been something particular that had struck only them?
HadehadHa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencePast tense 'hade' of 'ha/hava' (to have).
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of Hadeintenotinte · particlemodifies särskiltvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to särskiltnågotsomethingnågon · determiner, neuter, singularmodifies särskiltsärskiltespeciallysärskilt · adverbmodifies Hadesomthatsom · pronounsubject of drabbatThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of drabbatdrabbatstruckdrabbat · verb, active, supinedepends on särskiltendastonlyendast · adverbmodifies drabbatdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of drabbat— No, the lecturer could assure them confidently that it was not.
Nejnonej · interjectionhead of the phrasedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of försäkrakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försäkraföreläsarenlecturerföreläsar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försäkratryggtconfidentlytryggt · adverbmodifies försäkraförsäkraassureförsäkra · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to Nejdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of försäkraattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of varintenotinte · particlemodifies varvarwasvara · pronoun, common gender, singularadverbial clause on försäkrathe surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun.
No human being had the power to send sickness upon another in that way.
Ingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemaktpowermakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sändainfinitive marker before a verb.
sändato sendsända · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadesjukdomsicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sändaöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking annanenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of annanannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sändapåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sättetsättetwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sändaAnd they knew, after all, that the disease existed all over the country.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejuafter allju · adverbmodifies vissteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fannsdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomensjukdomensicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativeclausal complement of vissteexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
överoveröver · prepositionpreposition marking landethelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of fannsIt had paid its visit in nearly every home, even though it had not everywhere carried off so many as it had with them.
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of gjorthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gjortgjortdonegöra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesinhis ownsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of påhälsningpåhälsningvisitpåhälsning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gjortiini · prepositionpreposition marking allanästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies allaallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of hemhemhomeshem · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies gjortfastänalthoughfastän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of rycktdenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of rycktintenotinte · particlemodifies rycktöverallteverywhereöverallt · adverbmodifies ryckthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of rycktrycktpulledrycka · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gjortbortawaybort · adverbdepends on rycktsåsoså · adverbmodifies mångamångamanymången · pronoun, pluralmodifies rycktsomassom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking demhoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of ryckt- 19
With that the children thanked him and went home to their own place.
Därmedwith thatdärmed · adverbmodifies tackadetackadethankedtacka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of tackadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with tackadePast plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective.
hemhomehem · adverbmodifies gingotilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking sittsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of hempossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
They talked for a very long time with each other that evening.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemycketverymycket · adverbmodifies längelängelonglänge · adverbmodifies talademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking varandravarandraeach othervarandra · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of taladedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kvällenkvälleneveningkväll · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of talade- 20
The next day they went and gave notice.
Nästanextnästa · adjective, nominativemodifies dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gingogingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasePast plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gingoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gingouppupupp · adverbdepends on sadesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sade They could not tend the geese that year — they had to set off in another direction.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vaktakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vaktaintenotinte · particlemodifies vaktavaktato guardvakta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencegässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of vaktagässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
detaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of åretåretyearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularin apposition to vaktadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gemåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to vaktasigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of geavoffav · prepositiondepends on geåtinåt · prepositionpreposition marking hållannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies hållhålldirectionhåll · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of ge— Where would they go, then?
Vartwherevart · adverbmodifies gåskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gådetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gådåthendå · adverbmodifies gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentence— Why, they would go and seek out father.
Jowell/yesjo · interjectiondepends on sökaused to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sökaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sökasökasearchsöka · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceredafind outreda · adverbdepends on sökapart of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort.
påoutpå · prepositionpreposition marking farfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sökaThey were now free to tell him that mother and the siblings had died of an ordinary sickness, and that it had not been anything special sent upon them by an evil person.
Detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fingoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
fingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phraseMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
lovfreelov · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies fingoatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sägainfinitive marker before a verb.
sägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on fingohonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sägaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularin apposition to fingoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsyskonensiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of dötthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of döttdöttdieddöt · verb, active, supinecoordinated with morSupine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking sjukdomenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomvanligordinaryvanlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sjukdomsjukdomsicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies döttochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of särskiltdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of särskiltintenotinte · particlemodifies särskiltvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to särskiltnågotanythingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies särskiltsärskiltespeciallysärskilt · adverbcoordinated with fingosomthatsom · pronounsubject of blivitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinedepends on särskiltsäntsentsänt · verb, active, supinecomplement of blivitöveruponöver · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of säntavbyav · prepositionpreposition marking människaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människaondevilond · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies demThey were so glad to have learned this.
Detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of voroSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
vorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on gladaarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
såsoså · adverbmodifies gladagladagladglad · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vetadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vetahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetafåttlearnedfå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of veta"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
vetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivedepends on gladadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of vetaAnd now it was their duty to tell father of it, for he surely still went about brooding over that riddle to this day.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies pliktvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to pliktdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with pliktderastheirde · pronounpossessor of pliktpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
pliktdutyplikt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of talainfinitive marker before a verb.
talato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivedepends on pliktomtellom · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of talaförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking farfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies detförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of gickhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on talanogsurelynog · adverbmodifies gickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgrubbladeponderedgrubbla · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gicköveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking gåtandenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gåtangåtanthe riddlegåta · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of grubbladeänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of iitodayi · prepositionclause modifying gåtandagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase i- 21
The children betook themselves first to their little home on the heath in Sunnerbo, and to their great astonishment they found the cottage ablaze.
Barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of begåvobegåvoset offbegåvo · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceArchaic plural past tense of 'begiva sig' (to betake oneself).
sigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of begåvoförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies begåvotilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking hemsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of hempossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
lillalittleliten · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies hemhemhomehem · adverboblique complement of begåvopåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking ljunghedenljunghedenheathljunghede · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of begåvoiini · prepositionpreposition marking SunnerboSunnerboSunnerboSunnerbo · proper noun, nominativemodifies ljunghedenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking förvåningsintheirsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of förvåningstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies förvåningweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
förvåningastonishmentförvåning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of funnofunnofoundfunno · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with begåvoFunno is the historical plural past form of finna.
detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of stuganSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
stugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of funnoiablazei · prepositionpreposition marking lågaljusanbrightljusan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies lågaIn the idiom 'i ljusan låga' (ablaze, in bright flame); 'ljusan' is an inflected form of the adjective 'ljus'.
lågalowlåg · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies funno Then they had wandered to the parsonage, and there they had learned that a man, who had been a railway worker, had seen their father at Malmberget far up in Lapland.
Sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies vandrathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vandratdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vandratvandratwanderedvandra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking prästgårdenprästgårdenparsonageprästgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vandratochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärtheredär · adverbmodifies vetahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of vetafåttlearnedfå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of veta"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
vetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with vandratattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of settenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of karlkarlmankarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of settsomwhosom · pronounsubject of järnvägsarbetareThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of järnvägsarbetarevaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to järnvägsarbetarejärnvägsarbetarerailway workerjärnvägsarbetare · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on karlhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supineclausal complement of vetaderastheirde · pronounpossessor of farpossessive form deras of the plural pronoun de.
farfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of settvidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativemodifies farmining town in Lapland.
långtfarlångt · adverbmodifies settuppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies settiini · prepositionpreposition marking LapplandLapplandLaplandLappland · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of uppeHe had worked in the mine, and he might still be at it, but one could not be sure of that.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of arbetathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of arbetatarbetatworkedarbeta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceiini · prepositionpreposition marking gruvangruvanthe minegruvan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of arbetatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of höllhöllwas still at ithålla · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with arbetatkanskeperhapskanske · adverbmodifies höllpåatpå · prepositiondepends on höllmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of höllännustillännu · adverbmodifies höllmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of säkerkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of säkermanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of säkerintenotinte · particlemodifies säkervarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to säkersäkersuresäker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with arbetatomofom · prepositionpreposition marking detWhen the priest heard that the children wanted to seek out their father, he brought out a map, showed them how far it was to Malmberget, and tried to talk them out of the journey.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hördeprästenpriestpräst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hördehördeheardhårdea · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on togLemma is a corrupted form; the word is 'hörde', past tense of 'höra' (to hear).
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sökabarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sökavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sökasökasearchsöka · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of hördeuppupupp · adverbdepends on sökasintheirsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of farfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sökatogtookta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of togframforwardfram · adverbdepends on togenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kartakartamapkarta · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of togvisadeshowedvisa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with togdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of visadehurhowhur · adverbmodifies långtlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies visadedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase långtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to Malmbergettilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of visademining town in Lapland.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationavråddeadvised againstavrå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with Malmbergetdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of avråddefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking färdenfärdenjourneyfärd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of avråddeBut the children said that they were bound to go and seek out father.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tvungnadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of tvungnavorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralpart of the phrase dearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
tvungnaforcedtvungen · adjective, nominative, pluralclausal complement of sadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of gåinfinitive marker before a verb.
gågogå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tvungnaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsökasearchsöka · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gåuppupupp · adverbdepends on sökafarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gåHe had left home because he had believed something that was not true.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttleftgå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehemifrånfrom homehemifrån · adverbmodifies gåttdärförbecausedärför · adverbintroduces the clause of hadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase därförhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of trotttrottbelievedtrott · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gåttnågotsomethingnågon · determiner, neuter, singulardirect object of trottsomthatsom · pronounsubject of santThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
intenotinte · particlemodifies santvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to santsanttruesant · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on någotThey had to go and tell him that he had been mistaken.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gåmåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gåhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of gåattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tagithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tagithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tagittagittakenta · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gåmistemistakenmiste · adverbdepends on tagit- 22
They had earned a little money from their trading, but they did not want to spend it on railway tickets, and instead resolved to walk the whole way on foot.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of förtjänathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förtjänatförtjänatearnedförtjäna · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencelitetlittleliten · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies pengarpengarmoneypengar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of förtjänatpåfrompå · prepositionpreposition marking handelsintheirsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of handelhandeltradehandel · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of förtjänatmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of användavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of användaintenotinte · particlemodifies användaanvändauseanvända · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with förtjänatdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of användatillontill · prepositionintroduces the clause of köpaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of köpainfinitive marker before a verb.
köpato buyköpa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on användajärnvägsbiljetterrailway ticketsjärnvägsbiljett · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of köpautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of beslötobeslötoresolvedbeslöto · verb, active, supinecoordinated with användasigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of beslötoförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of gåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of gåinfinitive marker before a verb.
gågogå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on beslötotillon foottill · prepositionpreposition marking vägenfotson footfot · noun, neuterpart of the phrase tillhelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies vägenvägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gå And this they had never regretted.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of ångrathadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ångratdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of ångratintenotinte · particlemodifies ångratångratregrettedångrad · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceThey had come to make so remarkably beautiful a journey.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of görahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of görakommitcomekomma · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of görain kommit att + infinitive, 'come to (do something)'.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
göramakegöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vandringsåsoså · adverbmodifies märkvärdigtmärkvärdigtremarkablymärkvärdig · adverbmodifies vackervackerbeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies vandringvandringjourneyvandring · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of göra- 23
Before they had even gotten out of Småland, they had one day gone into a farmhouse to buy themselves a little food.
Innanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hunnitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hunnitännuevenännu · adverbmodifies hunnithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hunnithunnitgottenhinna · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadeutoutut · adverbdepends on hunniturout ofur · prepositionpreposition marking SmålandSmålandSmålandSmåland · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of hunnithadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dagdagdaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåttgåttgone intogå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceininin · adverbdepends on gåttiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking bondgårdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bondgårdbondgårdfarmbondgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåttförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of köpaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of köpainfinitive marker before a verb.
köpato buyköpa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gåttsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of köpaliteta littleliten · adverbmodifies matthis type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry.
matfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of köpa The housewife had been cheerful and talkative.
Husmodernmistress of the houseHusmodern · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gladhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gladvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to gladgladgladglad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationspråksamtalkativespråksam · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with gladShe had asked the children who they were and where they came from, and they had told her their whole story.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of frågatfrågataskedfråga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of frågatvilkawhichvilken · determiner, pluralsubject of berättatdetheyen · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of vorosurfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en.
vorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies vilkaarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvarifrånwhere fromvarifrån · adverbmodifies kommodetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of kommoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
kommocamekommo · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with vorokommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of berättathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of berättatberättattoldberätta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of berättathelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies historiasintheirsig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of historiahistoriastoryhistoria · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of berättat"Oh no!
Ånejoh noÅnej · proper noun, nominativehead of the phraseInterjection (Ånej = Å nej, 'oh no'), tagged as a proper noun by the parser.
dånodå · adverbmodifies ÅnejOh no!"
Ånejoh noÅnej · proper noun, nominativehead of the phraseInterjection (Ånej = Å nej, 'oh no'), tagged as a proper noun by the parser.
dånodå · adverbmodifies Ånejthe wife had said several times, while they talked.
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagthustrunwifehustru · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadesagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencefleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies gångergångertimesgång · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of sagtmedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of talatdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of talathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talattalattalkedtala · verb, active, supineclause modifying gångerAfterward the children had been treated to a great deal of good food, and were not allowed to leave any payment for it at all.
Sedanthensedan · adverbmodifies blivithadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencefägnadetreatedfägna · verb, past, participle, plural, nominativecomplement of blivitmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking myckenmyckenplenty ofmycken · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies matochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with myckenmatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blivitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallsat allalls · adverbmodifies lämnaintenotinte · particlemodifies lämnafåttallowed tofå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of lämna"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
lämnaleavelämna · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with blivitnågonanynågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of betalningbetalningpaymentbetalning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lämnaförforför · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies betalningWhen they had risen to give thanks and go, the wife had asked whether they would not like to stay with her brother in the next parish, and she told them what he was called and where he lived.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of restrestrisenrest · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceMislabeled as infinitive; rest is the past participle, but it is a homograph collision between resa ("to raise/erect") and resa ("to travel"); several examples mean "had traveled" or "had risen (reflexive)", not "raised".
sigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of restförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of tackaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of tackainfinitive marker before a verb.
tackathanktacka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on restGloss 'thank' is correct for the infinitive verb, but example ch13-p20-s8 ('sade en gammal tacka') uses the unrelated homograph noun 'tacka' meaning 'ewe' — that example is mis-slotted under this verb lemma and should not be read as 'to thank'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgågogå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with tackahadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of frågathustrunwifehustru · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågatfrågataskedfrågat · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of taintenotinte · particlemodifies sockeniwithi · prepositionpreposition marking sockennästanextnästa · adjective, nominativemodifies sockensockenparishsocke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of taskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of taviljato wantvilja · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on frågatininin · adverbdepends on tahoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking brorhennesherhon · pronounpossessor of brorpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
brorbrotherbror · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of taochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtsagtsaidsag · verb, active, supinecoordinated with frågatLemma is a truncated form of säga; surface sagt is the supine, 'said'.
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of sagtvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularintroduces the clause of hettehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hettehettewas namedhette · proper noun, nominativeclause modifying demPast tense of heta ("to be called"), not a proper noun.
ochandoch · conjunctiondepends on sagtvarwasvara · determiner, common gender, singularquantifies sagtmistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of boddeboddelivedbodde · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to sagtWhy, the children were of course glad to do that.
Jowell/yesjo · interjectiondepends on voroused to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt.
detthaten · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with vorothis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
vorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, singularhead of the phrasePast plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective.
juof courseju · adverbmodifies görabarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of göragladagladglad · adjective, nominative, pluralauxiliary of göraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
fåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of voroförståsof courseförstås · adverbmodifies göra"Give him my greetings and tell him what has happened to you," said the farmer's wife.
Niyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skasecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
skawillskola · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on »Modal auxiliary 'ska', shall/will/going to.
hälsagive my greetingshälsa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skaBoth given examples are the verb hälsa, not the noun: 'hälsa på i varenda gård' = 'to visit every farm', 'låter nu hälsa dig' = 'sends word/greeting to you'. The tagged noun sense ('health') is not attested in these examples; flagging as context-dependent since the surface is shared between noun and verb.
honomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of skafrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with skaomtellom · prepositionintroduces the clause of häntvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on häntsomwhatsom · pronounsubject of häntThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hänthänthappenedhända · verb, active, supineclausal complement of talaeryouni · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraldirect object of häntsadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to skabondhustrunthe farmwifebondhustrun · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade- 24
The children did so, and they were well looked after at the brother's place too.
Barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of gjordegjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesåsoså · adverbmodifies gjordeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of omhuldadeblevobecameblevo · verb, active, supineauxiliary of omhuldadelemma should be bli 'to become'; blevo is the archaic plural past tense (they became).
välwellväl · adverbmodifies omhuldadeomhuldadelooked afteromhulda · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with gjordeocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies omhuldadehoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking brodernbrodernbrotherbroder · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of omhuldade He let them ride with him to a place in the next parish, and there too they were well received.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lätlätletlät · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of lätfåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of åkaåkarideåka · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of lätmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of åkatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking ställeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ställeställeplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of åkaiini · prepositionpreposition marking sockennästanextnästa · adjective, nominativemodifies sockensockenparishsocken · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ställeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärtheredär · adverbmodifies fingoocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies fingofingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with lätMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
detheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of mottagandeSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
ettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of mottagandegottgoodgod · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies mottagandemottagandereceptionmottaga · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of lätEvery time afterward that they wandered away from a farm, it was always the same: "If you should happen that way, go in there and there, and tell what has happened to you!"
Vareveryvar · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of vandrade"var" is both the interrogative/relative adverb "where" and the past tense of vara ("was"); the parser conflated the two under one type.
gångtimegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase Vardetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralpart of the phrase Varsedanthensedan · adverbpart of the phrase devandradewanderedvandra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebortawaybort · adverbmodifies vandradefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking gårdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gårdgårdfarmgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vandradehetteit was saidheta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with vandradedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hettealltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies hetteOmifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommerniyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommersecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
ändåhappenändå · adverbmodifies kommerkommercomeskomma · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on gååtinåt · prepositiondepends on kommerdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularpart of the phrase åthålletwayhållen · adverbpart of the phrase åtsurface hållet; not a true adverb lemma but the idiom helt och hållet vs. the noun håll ('direction').
såthenså · adverbmodifies gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceininin · adverbdepends on gådärtheredär · adverbmodifies gåochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase därdärtheredär · adverbpart of the phrase därochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationberättato tellberätta · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gådetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of berättasomwhatsom · pronounsubject of häntThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hänthänthappenedhända · verb, active, supinerelative clause on deteryouni · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hänt- 25
In the farms to which the children were directed, there was always someone with consumption.
Iini · prepositionpreposition marking gårdardetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of gårdarSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
gårdarfarmsgård · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of fannsdittheredit · adverbmodifies visadebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of visadeblevowereblevo · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemodifies visadeArchaic plural past tense of bli/varda.
visadeshowedvisa · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on gårdarfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentenceexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsalltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies fannsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bröstsjukbröstsjukconsumptive personbröstsjuk · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fanns And without knowing it themselves, the two children went through the country teaching people what a dangerous disease it was that had crept into their homes, and how best to fight it.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationutanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of vissteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visstedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenågotanythingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of visstedäromabout itdärom · adverbmodifies visstegingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with visstePast plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective.
detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
tvåtwotvå · numeral, nominativequantifies barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of gingogenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies barnenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlärdeteachinglära · verb, past, indicative, activemodifies människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with barnenvilkenwhatvilken · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomfarligdangerousfarlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sjukdomsjukdomsicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of vardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemodifies gingosomthatsom · pronounsubject of hadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on varstulitcreptstulit · verb, active, supinedirect object of hadesigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of hadeininin · adverbmodifies hadeiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking hemmenhemmenhomeshem · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of inochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhurhowhur · adverbmodifies stridadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of stridabästbestbra · adverbmodifies stridaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of stridastridato fightstrida · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with varmotagainstmot · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of strida- 26
Long, long ago in the world, when the great plague called the Black Death ravaged the land, it was told that a boy and a girl were seen wandering from farm to farm.
Föragoför · prepositionpreposition marking längelängelonglänge · adverboblique complement of berättadesiini · prepositionpreposition marking världenvärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies längesedanthensedan · adverbdepends on längedåwhendå · adverbintroduces the clause of förhärjadedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of pestenstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies pestenweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
pestenthe plaguepest · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förhärjadesomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive kalladesThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kalladeswas calledkallaa · verb, past, indicative, passiverelative clause on pestenSurface kallades, passive past of kalla, 'to call/name'.
digerdödenthe Black Deathdigerdöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kalladesförhärjaderavagedförhärja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on längelandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of förhärjadeberättadesit was toldberätta · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of passive berättadesattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sågmanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of berättadespast tense of se, 'to see.'
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gossegosseboygosse · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of flickaflickagirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vandravandrawandervandra · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with sågfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking gårdgårdfarmgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vandratilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking gårdgårdfarmgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vandra The boy carried a rake in his hand, and if he came and raked outside a house, it meant that many within would die, but not all, for a rake has widely spaced teeth and does not gather up everything.
Gossenthe boyGossen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceiini · prepositionmodifies hadehandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ienaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of räfsaräfsarakesräfsa · verb, present, indicative, activedirect object of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationräfsaderakedräfsa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komutanföroutsideutanför · prepositionpreposition marking husettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of hushushousehus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kombetyddemeantbetyda · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of betyddeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of döinfinitive marker before a verb.
därinnein theredärinne · adverbmodifies döskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dömångamanymånga · pronoun, pluralmodifies dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitivedepends on betyddemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies allaallaallall · pronoun, pluraldeterminer of räfsanförforför · prepositionpreposition marking räfsanräfsanthe rakeräfsa · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of harharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with hadeglesawidely spacedglesa · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies pinnarpinnarteethpinn · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of harochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtartakesta · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with harintenotinte · particlemodifies tarallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of tarmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of tarThe girl carried a broom in her hand, and if she came and swept before a door, it meant that all who lived within that door must die, for a broom is a tool that sweeps a house entirely clean.
Flickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceiini · prepositionmodifies hadehandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ienaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kvastkvastbroomkvast · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on betyddeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsopadesweptsopa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with komframförin front offramför · prepositionpreposition marking dörrenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dörrdörrdoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kombetyddemeantbetyda · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of betyddeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of döallaallall · pronoun, pluralsubject of dösomwhosom · pronounsubject of boddeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
boddelivedbodde · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on allainnanförinsideinnanför · prepositionpreposition marking dörrendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dörrendörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of boddemåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of dödöto diedö · verb, active, infinitivedepends on betyddetyforty · conjunctionlinks the coordinationArchaic causal conjunction, equivalent to 'because/for'.
kvastenbroomkvast · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of redskapärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to redskapettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of redskapredskaptoolredskap · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with hadesomthatsom · pronounsubject of görThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
gördoesgöra · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on redskaprentcleanren · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies hushushousehus · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of görefterbehindefter · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of gör- 27
It was indeed remarkable that in our own day a pair of children should come to wander through the land on account of a grave and dangerous disease.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with märkvärdigtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to märkvärdigtjuindeedju · adverbmodifies märkvärdigtmärkvärdigtremarkablemärkvärdig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vandraiini · prepositionpreposition marking dagarvåraourvi · pronoun, pluralpossessor of dagarPossessive form våra of the plural pronoun vi.
dagardaysdag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of vandraettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies barnbarnchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of vandraskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vandrakommato comekomma · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of vandraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of vandrainfinitive marker before a verb.
vandrawandervandra · verb, active, infinitivedepends on märkvärdigtgenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of vandraförbecause offör · prepositionpreposition marking sjukdomsenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomssvårhardsvår · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sjukdomsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfarligdangerousfarlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with svårsjukdomsof a diseasesjukdoms · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vandraskullsakeskull · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on sjukdomsonly occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'.
But those children did not frighten people with rake and broom — instead they said: "We are not going to be satisfied with just raking the yard and sweeping the floors.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdethoseen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of skrämdeskrämdefrightenedskräma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies skrämdefolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of skrämdemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking räfsanräfsanthe rakeräfsan · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of skrämdeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkvastenbroomkvast · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with räfsanutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with skrämdeiinsteadi · prepositionmodifies sadeställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase iViwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of nöjaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of nöjaintenotinte · particlemodifies nöjanöjabe satisfiednöja · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceReflexive 'nöja sig' = content oneself.
ossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraldirect object of nöjamedwithmed · prepositionintroduces the clause of räfsaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of räfsainfinitive marker before a verb.
barajustbara · adverbmodifies räfsaräfsarakesräfsa · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on nöjagårdenyardgård · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of räfsaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsopasweepsopa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with räfsagolventhe floorsgolv · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of sopaWe are also going to take to the washcloth and the brush and the soft soap and the soap bar.
Viwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of taskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of taocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencetillresort totill · prepositionpreposition marking tvagantvaganthe washclothtvaga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of taochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationborstenthe brushborste · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with tvaganochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåpanthe soft soapsåpa · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with borstenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtvålenthe soaptvål · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with tvaganWe are going to keep it clean outside our door, clean inside it, and we ourselves are going to be clean.
Viwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of hållaskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hållahållato keep cleanhålla · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencerentpurelyren · adverbmodifies hållautanföroutsideutanför · prepositionpreposition marking dörrvårourvi · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of dörrMistagged as a pronoun under lemma vi; vår here is the possessive "our", not the pronoun "we".
dörrdoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of självarentpurelyren · adverbmodifies deninnanförinsideinnanför · prepositionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularin apposition to dörrochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationrenacleanren · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with denskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of varaviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of varavarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to självasjälvaourselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluraladverbial clause on hållaThat way we shall at last become masters over the disease."
Påinpå · prepositionmodifies blisåthatså · adverbpart of the phrase Påsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Påskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of blitillat lasttill · prepositionmodifies blisistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase tillblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceherrarmastersherre · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of passive bliöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking sjukdomensjukdomensicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies herrar- 28
LITTLE MATS'S FUNERAL.
LILLELITTLELILLE · verb, present, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceMATSMATS'SMATS · adverbdepends on LILLEBEGRAVNINGFUNERALBEGRAVNING · numeral, nominativecoordinated with LILLE - 29
Little Mats was dead.
LilleLittleLille · proper noun, nominativesubject of dödPart of the name 'Lille Mats' (Little Mats).
MatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on Lillevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to döddöddeaddöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
It seemed unbelievable to all who had seen him healthy and cheerful only a few hours before, but so it was nonetheless.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with föreföllföreföllseemedförefölal · verb, present, indicativemain verb of the sentenceotroligtunbelievableotrolig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of föreföllförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking demallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of föreföllsomwhosom · pronounsubject of settThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supinerelative clause on demhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of settfriskhealthyfrisk · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of settochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgladgladglad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with friskföragoför · prepositionpreposition marking timmarbarajustbara · adverbmodifies timmarnågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of timmartimmarhourstimme · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of settsedanthensedan · adverbdepends on timmarmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of förhöllförhöllwasförhöll · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with föreföllFrom förhålla sig, 'to be the case'; 'det förhöll sig så att' = 'the truth was that'.
sigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of förhöllsåsoså · adverbmodifies förhöllinonethelessi · prepositionpreposition marking fallallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fallfallcasesfall · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of förhöllLittle Mats was dead and was to be buried.
LilleLittleLille · proper noun, nominativesubject of dödPart of the name 'Lille Mats' (Little Mats).
MatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on Lillevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to döddöddeaddöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of begravasbegravasto be buriedbegrava · verb, passive, infinitivecoordinated with död- 30
Little Mats had died early one morning, and no one but his sister Åsa had been in the room to see him die.
LilleLittleLille · proper noun, nominativesubject of döttPart of the name 'Lille Mats' (Little Mats).
MatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on Lillehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of döttdöttdieddöt · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSupine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'.
tidigtearlytidig · adverbmodifies döttBackbone mistags this as an adverb; the surface (tidigt) is the neuter/adverbial form of the adjective tidig.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of morgonmorgonmorningmorgon · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of döttochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mermerelsemycket · adverbmodifies systeränthanän · prepositionpreposition marking systerhanshishan · pronounpossessor of systersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varitÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of varitvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on döttinneininne · adverbmodifies varitiinsidei · prepositionpreposition marking rummetrummetroomrum · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of varitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsettseense · verb, active, supinecoordinated with varithonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of settdöto diedö · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of sett "Don't go for anyone else!"
Gågogå · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies Gåefterforefter · prepositionpreposition marking annannågonanyonenågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of annanannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of Gålittle Mats had said, as the end drew near, and his sister had obeyed him.
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sagtlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of hadesagtsaidsäga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of leddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardeterminer of ledleddrew nearled · noun, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on sagtSecond example 'när det led mot kvällen' = 'as evening drew near' is the verb lida ('led' = past tense), not the noun led — mistagged here.
mottowardmot · prepositionpreposition marking slutetslutetendslut · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of ledochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsysternsistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sagtlyttobeyedlytt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hade"I'm glad I'm not dying of 'the sickness,' Åsa," said little Mats.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gladärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to gladgladgladglad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dörjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of dörintenotinte · particlemodifies dördöram dyingdör · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gladavofav · prepositionpreposition marking sjukdomensjukdomensicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singularagent of dörÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with sjukdomensadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to gladlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of sade"Aren't you glad too?"
Ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of inteintenotinte · particlepart of the phrase Ärdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of Ärocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies ÄrAnd when Åsa answered nothing, he went on: "I don't think it matters at all to die, so long as I don't have to die the same way as mother and the others.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of svaradeÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of svaradeingentingnothingingenting · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies Åsasvaradeansweredsvara · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefortforwent onfortfor · proper noun, nominativemodifies svaradehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fortforJagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckertyckerthinktycka · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies tyckerattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gördetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of görgördoesgöra · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of tyckernågotmattersnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of göratttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of döinfinitive marker before a verb.
döto diedö · verb, active, infinitivedepends on görbarajustbara · adverbmodifies slipperjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of slipperslipperdoesn't have toslippa · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with gör'Slippa' = be spared from / not have to.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of döinfinitive marker before a verb.
döto diedö · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of slipperpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättsammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of sättsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of dösomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying sättochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsyskonensiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with morIf I had done that, you would surely never have managed to make father believe it was only an ordinary sickness that took them, but now it will work out, you'll see."
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gjortjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gjorthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gjortgjortdonegöra · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on lyckatsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of gjorthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lyckatsduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lyckatssäkertsurelysäker · adverbmodifies lyckatsaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies lyckatslyckatssucceededlycka · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on seImpersonal 'lyckats' from 'lyckas' (to succeed); lemma should be 'lyckas'.
fåmakefå · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of lyckatsfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of troinfinitive marker before a verb.
trobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of fåattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sjukdomdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with sjukdombarajustbara · adverbmodifies sjukdomvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sjukdomenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sjukdomvanligordinaryvanlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sjukdomsjukdomsicknesssjukdom · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on lyckatssomthatsom · pronounsubject of tagitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tagittagittakenta · verb, active, supinerelative clause on sjukdombortawaybort · adverbdepends on tagitdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of tagitmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies gårgårgoesgå · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gårnogsurelynog · adverbmodifies gårskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of seduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sefåget tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of seseseese · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentence- 31
When it was all over, Åsa sat for a long while thinking of what her brother, little Mats, had had to go through while he had lived here in the world.
Sedansincesedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of slutallteverythingall · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies slutvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to slutslutoverslut · adjective, nominativeadverbial clause on sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sattenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundlånglonglång · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sattochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sattpåofpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of haftvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hafthennesherhon · pronounpossessor of brorpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
brorbrotherbror · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with vadlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularcoordinated with vadMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with vadhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on tänkteatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of gåinfinitive marker before a verb.
gågogå · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of haftigenomthroughigenom · prepositiondepends on gåmedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sattlevatlivedlevat · verb, active, infinitivedirect object of hadehärherehär · adverbmodifies levatiini · prepositionpreposition marking världenvärldenworldvärld · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of levat She felt that he had borne every misfortune with the same courage as a grown man.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of burithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of burithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of buritburitborneburit · verb, active, supineclausal complement of tyckteallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of olyckorolyckormisfortunesolycka · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of buritmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking modsammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of modmodcouragemod · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of buritsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vuxenenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vuxenvuxengrown upvuxen · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying modShe thought of his last words.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking ordhanshishan · pronounpossessor of ordsistalastsista · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies ordordwordord · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of tänkteHe had always been just as brave.
Likasålikewiselikaså · adverbmodifies tappertapperbravetapp · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hadeMistagged as a plural noun; the surface 'tapper' is the adjective tapper (brave).
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of varithanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varitalltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies varitvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceAnd it became clear to her that, since little Mats now had to go down into the earth, he ought to be buried with the same honor as a grown person.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencetydligtcleartydlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of blevförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blevattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of begravasnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctiondepends on begravaslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativepart of the phrase närnunownu · adverbmodifies nermåstemustmåste · verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of nernerdownner · adverbmodifies näriintoi · prepositionpreposition marking jordenjordenearthjord · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nersåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on begravasbordeought toböra · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of begravasBare borde is simple past modal ("ought to"/"should"); the perfect sense ("ought to have") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth ("borde släppa taget") has no ha and translates as plain "ought to."
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive begravasbegravasto be buriedbegrava · verb, passive, infinitivedepends on blevmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hedersammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of hederhederhonorheda · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of begravasLemma is a corrupted form; the word is 'heder' (honor).
somassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of människaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människastorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying heder- 32
She well understood that this would be hard to carry out, but she wanted it so very much.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodförstodunderstoodförstod · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenogwellnog · adverbmodifies förstodattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blidettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of förstodsvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of bliatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of genomförainfinitive marker before a verb.
genomföracarry outgenomföra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on svårtmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gärnavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gärnadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gärnasåsoså · adverbmodifies gärnagärnavery muchgärna · adverbcoordinated with bliType lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most).
She had to do her utmost for little Mats's sake.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of göramåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ytterstaytterstaoutermostyttersta · adjective, nominative, superlativedirect object of göraförforför · prepositionpreposition marking Matslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativemodifies ytterstaskullsakeskull · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on göraonly occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'.
- 33
Åsa the goose girl was at that time far up in Lapland, at the great mining field called Malmberget.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativepossessor of gåsapigagåsapigagoose girlgåsapiga · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of befannmistagged as an adjective; it is the compound noun for the goose-tending girl, used here as an epithet with the name Åsa.
befannwasbefanna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceReflexive 'befann sig' means 'was located/found himself'; lemma should be 'befinna'.
sigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of befannpåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking tidendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidentidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of befannlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies befannuppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies befanniini · prepositionpreposition marking LapplandLapplandLaplandLappland · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of uppevidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking gruvfältdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of gruvfältstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gruvfältweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
gruvfältmining fieldgruvfält · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of befannThis parser bucket mixes plural gruvfält with singular ett gruvfält.
somthatsom · pronounsubject of passive kallasThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
kallasis calledkalla · verb, present, indicative, passiverelative clause on gruvfältMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativecomplement of kallasmining town in Lapland.
It was a strange place, but it was perhaps good for her that it was as it was.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of ställevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ställeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ställebesynnerligtstrangebesynnerlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ställeställeplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phrasemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of bravarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to brakanskeperhapskanske · adverbmodifies brabragoodbra · adverbcoordinated with ställeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of braattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sådantdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with sådantvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sådantsådantsuch a thingsån · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on ställedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · pronoun, common gender, singulardepends on sådantthe surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun.
- 34
Little Mats and she had walked through great, endless forest tracts before they had gotten there.
LilleLittleLille · proper noun, nominativesubject of gåttPart of the name 'Lille Mats' (Little Mats).
MatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on Lilleochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttwalkedgå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencegenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking skogstrakterstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies skogstrakterändlösaendlessändlös · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies skogstrakterskogstrakterforest tractsskogstrakt · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of gåttinnanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gåttdittheredit · adverbdepends on kommit For several days they had seen neither fields nor farms, only a few poor coaching-stations, until they had suddenly come out at Gällivare's great church village.
Påforpå · prepositionpreposition marking dagarfleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies dagardagardaysdag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of setthadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of settvarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsettseense · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseBackbone mistags this as an adjective; the surface (sett) is the supine of se, 'to see'.
åkrarfieldsåker · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralparallel clause to settelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgårdarfarmsgård · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with åkrarbarajustbara · adverbmodifies skjutsstationersmåsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies skjutsstationerfattigapoorfattig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies skjutsstationerskjutsstationercoaching stationsskjutsstation · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of kommittillsuntiltills · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitdetheyen · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kommitsurfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en.
heltquitehelt · adverbmodifies plötsligtplötsligtsuddenlyplötslig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceframforwardfram · adverbdepends on kommittillattill · prepositionpreposition marking GellivareGellivareGällivareGellivare · proper noun, nominativemodifies kyrkobystorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kyrkobykyrkobychurch villagekyrkoby · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommitIt lay with its church and railway station and courthouse and bank and pharmacy and hotel at the foot of a tall mountain, which was still streaked with snow at midsummer, when the children had come wandering by.
Denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of låglåglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkakyrkachurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationjärnvägsstationrailway stationjärnvägsstation · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with kyrkaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtingshuscourthousetingshus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with kyrkaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbanka bankbank · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with kyrkaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationapotekpharmacyapotek · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with bankochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhotellhotelshotell · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with kyrkavidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking fotenfotenfootfot · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lågavofav · prepositionpreposition marking bergettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of berghögthighhög · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies bergbergmountainberg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies fotensomwhichsom · pronounsubject of strimmigtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to strimmigtstrimmigtstreakedstrimmig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on bergavwithav · prepositionpreposition marking snösnösnowsnö · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of strimmigtännustillännu · adverbmodifies midsommartidenvidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking midsommartidenmidsommartidenmidsummermidsommartid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of strimmigtdåwhendå · subordinating conjunctionmodifies kommitbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on strimmigtvandrandewalkingvandra · adjective, nominativedepends on kommitPresent participle 'vandrande' of 'vandra' (to walk/wander); mistagged as an adjective.
Almost all the houses in Gällivare were new and well and solidly built.
Nästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies allaallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of husenhusenhouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phraseiini · prepositionpreposition marking GellivareGellivareGällivareGellivare · proper noun, nominativemodifies husenvorowerevoro · pronoun, accusative, pluraldepends on nyaArchaic plural past tense of vara "to be"; mislabeled as pronoun.
nyanewny · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with Gellivareochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvälwellväl · adverbmodifies uppfördaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationordentligtproperlyordentlig · adverbmodifies uppfördauppfördabuiltuppförda · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with GellivareIf they had not seen the patches of snow up on the mountain and noticed that the birches had not yet leafed out, the children would not have thought that it lay far up in Lapland.
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of settdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of settintenotinte · particlemodifies setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesnöfläckarnathe snow patchessnöfläck · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of settuppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies settpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bergetbergetmountainberg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of uppeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmärktnoticedmärka · verb, active, supinecoordinated with uppeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of utslagnabjörkarnathe birchesbjörkarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of utslagnaännuyetännu · adverbmodifies utslagnaintenotinte · particlemodifies utslagnavorowerevoro · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activedepends on utslagnaArchaic plural past tense of vara ("to be").
utslagnaleafed oututslagen · adjective, nominative, pluralclausal complement of settskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tänktbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of tänktintenotinte · particlemodifies tänkthahaveha · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of tänkttänktthoughttänka · verb, active, supinecoordinated with utslagnapåaboutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of lågattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lågdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of låglåglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tänktlångtfarlångt · adverbmodifies låguppeup highuppe · adverbmodifies lågiini · prepositionpreposition marking LapplandLapplandLaplandLappland · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of uppeBut it was not in Gällivare that they had to seek father, but in Malmberget, which lay a stretch further north, and there things had not looked so orderly.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with Gellivarevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to Gellivareintenotinte · particlemodifies variini · prepositionpreposition marking GellivareGellivareGällivareGellivare · proper noun, nominativehead of the phrasesomthatsom · pronoundirect object of haftThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hafthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinerelative clause on Gellivareatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sökainfinitive marker before a verb.
sökasearchsöka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on haftfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sökautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionintroduces the clause of lågfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of lågmining town in Lapland.
somwhichsom · pronounsubject of lågThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
låglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with Gellivareettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of styckestyckepiecestycke · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of låglängrefurtherlänge · adverbmodifies norrutnorrutnorthwardnorrut · adverbmodifies lågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärtheredär · adverbmodifies setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of settintenotinte · particlemodifies settsettseense · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with GellivareBackbone mistags this as an adjective; the surface (sett) is the supine of se, 'to see'.
såsoså · adverbmodifies välordnatvälordnatorderlyvälordna · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of settutlookut · adverbdepends on sett- 35
You see, it had been the case that although people had long known that there was a great iron-ore field near Gällivare, mining had only really gotten under way a few years before, when the railway had been finished.
Selookse · verb, imperative, activeadverbial clause on kommitdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of såhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of såvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supinecopula linking to såsåthe caseså · adverbparallel clause to Seattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vetatfastänalthoughfastän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vetatmänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of vetatmycketverymycket · adverbmodifies längelängelonglänge · adverbmodifies vetathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetatvetatknownvetaa · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fannsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativeclausal complement of vetatexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
ettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of järnmalmsfältstortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies järnmalmsfältjärnmalmsfältan iron-ore fieldjärnmalmsfält · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of fannsnäranearnära · prepositionpreposition marking GellivareGellivareGällivareGellivare · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of fannshadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitbrytningenminingbrytning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceriktigttrulyriktig · adverbmodifies kommitiunder wayi · prepositionmodifies kommitgångunder waygång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iföragoför · prepositionpreposition marking årnågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fåfåfewfå · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies åråryearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kommitsedanthensedan · adverbdepends on årnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blivitjärnvägenrailwayjärnväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blivithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on kommitfärdigreadyfärdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivit Then several thousand people had streamed up there all at once, and there had been work enough for them, but not lodgings — those they had had to fix up for themselves as best they could.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies tusentusenthousandtusen · numeral, nominativequantifies människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of hadeströmmathad streamedströmmat · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hadedittheredit · adverbmodifies strömmatuppupupp · adverbpart of the phrase ditpåat oncepå · prepositionpreposition marking gångenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ditochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationarbeteworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of funnitsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with funnitsnogenoughnog · adverbmodifies funnitsfunnitsexisted/been foundfunnits · verb, passive, supineadverbial clause on hadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of funnitsmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationintenotinte · particlemodifies bostäderbostäderdwellingsbostad · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hadeutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
sådanasuchsån · pronoun, pluralsubject of lagaColloquial/old plural of sådan ('such').
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåttdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of fåttfåtthad tofå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of laga"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
lagafix uplaga · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with hadeireadyi · prepositionmodifies lagaordningreadyordning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iåtforåt · prepositionpart of the phrase isigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativepart of the phrase isjälvathemselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of lagasåasså · adverbmodifies kunnatgottbestgod · adverbpart of the phrase sådetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kunnathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kunnatkunnatcouldkunna · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hadeSome had built themselves huts of unbarked logs, others had put up shacks from crates and empty dynamite boxes, which they had stacked on one another like bricks.
Somligasomesomlig · pronoun, pluralsubject of byggthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of byggtbyggtbuiltbygga · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of byggtkojorhutskojor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcomplement of byggtavofav · prepositionpreposition marking timmerstockarobarkadeunbarkedobarkad · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies timmerstockartimmerstockarlogstimmerstock · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of byggtandraothersannan · pronoun, pluralsubject of kåkarhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kåkaruppförtput upuppföra · verb, active, supineauxiliary of kåkarkåkarshackskåka · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with byggtavfromav · prepositionpreposition marking lårarlårarcrateslår · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies kåkarHere lår means large boxlike crates, not thighs.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtommaemptytom · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies dynamitlådordynamitlådordynamite boxesdynamitlåda · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with lårarsomwhichsom · pronoundirect object of lagtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of lagthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of lagtlagtlaidlägga · verb, active, supinerelative clause on dynamitlådorpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking varandravarandraeach othervarandra · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of lagtsomlikesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tegelstenartegelstenarbrickstegelsten · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcomplement of lagtBy now people had managed to build many proper houses, but the whole place still looked remarkable nonetheless.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hunnitmanpeopleman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hunnitnogprobablynog · adverbmodifies hunnithunnitmanagedhinna · verb, active, supineauxiliary of byggaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of byggainfinitive marker before a verb.
byggato buildbygga · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies husordentligaproperordentlig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies hushushouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of byggamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies ställetställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with byggapast tense of se, 'to see.'
märkvärdigtremarkablymärkvärdig · adverbcomplement of sågutlookut · adverbdepends on såginonethelessi · prepositionpreposition marking fallallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of fallfallcasesfall · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sågThere were whole blocks of bright, handsome houses, but right among them one came upon uncleared forest ground with stumps and stones.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentenceexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
storabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kvarterkvarterblockskvarter · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of fannsmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking husljusapale/lightljus · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies husvackrabeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with ljusahushouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of fannsmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmittiblandright amongmittibland · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies demFunctions as the preposition 'mittibland' (right in the midst of), mistagged as a noun.
demthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of råkaderåkadecame uponråka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with fannsmanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of råkadepåuponpå · prepositionpreposition marking skogsmarkendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of skogsmarkenoröjdaunclearedoröjd · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies skogsmarkenskogsmarkenforest landskogsmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of råkademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking stubbarstubbarstumpsstubb · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies skogsmarkenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstenarstonessten · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with stubbarThere were great, handsome villas for the manager and the engineers, and there were low, odd shacks that still stood from the earliest days.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentenceexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
storabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies villorvackrabeautifulvacker · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies villorvillorvillasvilla · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of fannsförforför · prepositionpreposition marking disponentendisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fannsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationingenjörernathe engineersingenjörerna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with disponentenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativecoordinated with fannsexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
lågalowlåg · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kåkarbesynnerligastrangebesynnerlig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with lågakåkarshackskåka · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcomplement of fannssomthatsom · pronounsubject of stodoThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
stodostoodstodo · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on kåkarkvarstill therekvar · adverbdepends on stodosedanfromsedan · prepositionpreposition marking tidenAlso glossed as preposition (since/for/ago), but example ch03-p30-s3 ('Han följde sedan barnen...') uses sedan adverbially to mean 'then/afterward', a sense the original senses list omitted.
denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidenförstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies tidensurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
tidentimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stodoThere was a railway and electric light and great engine-houses, and one could ride a tramway deep into the mountains through a tunnel lit by small glow-lamps.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativemain verb of the sentenceexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
järnvägrailwayjärnväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fannsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationelektrisktelectricelektrisk · adverbmodifies ljusljuslightljus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with järnvägochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies maskinhusmaskinhusengine housesmaskinhus · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with järnvägmanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of åkakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of åkaåkarideåka · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with fannspåbypå · prepositionpreposition marking spårvägspårvägtramwayspårväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of åkadjuptdeeplydjup · adverbmodifies bergeninåtintoinåt · prepositionpreposition marking bergenbergenmountainberg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of åkagenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking tunnelenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tunneltunneltunneltunnel · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of åkasomthatsom · pronounsubject of upplystThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to upplystupplystlit upupplysd · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on tunnelavbyav · prepositionpreposition marking glödlamporsmåsmallliten · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies glödlamporglödlamporlight bulbsglödlampa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralagent of upplystThere was the most tremendous bustle everywhere, and one ore train after another was dispatched from the station.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of rörelsevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to rörelsedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of rörelseväldigastegreatestväldig · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies rörelserörelsemovementrörelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseöverallteverywhereöverallt · adverbmodifies rörelseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of malmtågetenaoneena · adjective, nominativemodifies malmtågetmalmtågetthe ore trainmalmtåg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of passive avsändesefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking andradetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of andraandraanothertvå · adjective, nominativemodifies malmtågetavsändeswas dispatchedavsända · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with rörelsefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking stationenstationenthe stationstation · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of avsändesBut all around lay the great wilderness, where no field was plowed and no house was timbered, where there was nothing but Lapps roaming about with their reindeer.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationruntaroundrunt · adverbmodifies omkringomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies låglåglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vildmarkenstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies vildmarkenweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
vildmarkenwildernessvildmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lågdärtheredär · adverbmodifies plöjdesingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of passive plöjdesåkerfieldåka · verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of plöjdesMislemmatized: surface is 'åker', the noun ('a field'), in both attested examples ('slog ner på en åker', 'stänger för en åker') — not a form of the verb åka ('to ride/drive'). Gloss corrected to the noun sense actually attested.
plöjdeswas plowedplöj · verb, past, indicative, passiverelative clause on vildmarkenochandoch · conjunctiondepends on plöjdesingano/noneingen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of hushushouseshus · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of passive timradestimradeswere timberedtimrada · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with plöjdesdärtheredär · adverbmodifies fannsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with fannsintenotinte · particlemodifies fannsfannsthere wasfinnas · verb, past, indicativerelative clause on vildmarkenexistential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'
annatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies fannsänthanän · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lapparlapparLappslapp · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies fannsPeriod term for the Sami people; preserved as in the historical source text.
somthatsom · pronounsubject of drevoThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
drevoroamingdrevo · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on lapparomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies renarmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking renarsinatheirsig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of renarrenarreindeerrena · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of drevo- 36
Now Åsa sat thinking that it was the same with life here as with the place itself.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies sattsattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sattochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sattpåaboutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of varattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tänktepåthatpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättsammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of sättsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of varmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking livetlivetlifeliv · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sätthärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase livetsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of medmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking varställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase med It went along orderly and peacefully enough for the most part, but she had also seen a thing or two that was wild and strange.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenogenoughnog · adverbmodifies gickordentligtorderlyordentlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies gickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfredligtpeacefulfredlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with ordentligttillalongtill · prepositiondepends on gickförmostlyför · prepositionmodifies gickdetaen · determiner, neuter, singularpart of the phrase förmestamostmycken · adjective, nominative, superlativepart of the phrase förSuperlative 'mesta' of the archaic quantifier 'mycken' (much).
menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies settsettseense · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gickettaen · determiner, neuter, singularpart of the phrase settochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with ettsomthatsom · pronounsubject of viltThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to viltviltwildvilt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on settochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationegendomligtstrangeegendomlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with viltShe sensed that it might perhaps be easier here than in other places to carry through something that was not quite ordinary.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kändekändefeltkände · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepåsensepå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of kändeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gådetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gåkanskeperhapskanske · adverbmodifies gåkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of kändelättareeasierlätt · adjective, nominative, comparativecomplement of gåhärherehär · adverbmodifies lättareänthanän · subordinating conjunctionmodifies lättarepåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking ställenandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ställenställenplacesställe · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of lättareatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of fåinfinitive marker before a verb.
fågetfå · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying ställendetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardeterminer of genomdrivetgenomdrivetcarried throughgenomdrivet · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fåsomthatsom · pronounsubject of vanligtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
intenotinte · particlemodifies vanligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vanligtriktigttrulyriktig · adverbmodifies vanligtvanligtusualvanlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularrelative clause on genomdrivet- 37
She thought about how it had gone when they had come to Malmberget and asked after a worker named Jon Assarsson, who had eyebrows grown together.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepåaboutpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of gåtthurhowhur · adverbmodifies gåttdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on tänktenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on gåtttilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of kommitmining town in Lapland.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrågataskedfrågaa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with kommitefterforefter · prepositionpreposition marking arbetareenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of arbetarearbetareworkerarbetare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of frågatsomwhosom · pronounsubject of hetteThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hettewas namedhette · proper noun, nominativein apposition to arbetarePast tense of heta ("to be called"), not a proper noun.
JonJonJon · proper noun, nominativedepends on hetteAssarssonAssarssonAssarsson · proper noun, nominativedepends on Jonochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsomwhosom · pronounsubject of hadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with kommitsammanvuxnagrown togethersammanvuxn · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ögonbrynögonbryneyebrowsögonbryn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hade The joined eyebrows were the most notable thing about father's appearance.
Detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of ögonbrynenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
sammanvuxnagrown togethersammanvuxn · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies ögonbrynenögonbryneneyebrowsögonbryn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of anmärkningsvärdavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to anmärkningsvärdadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with anmärkningsvärdamestmostmycket · adverbmodifies anmärkningsvärdaanmärkningsvärdamost notableanmärkningsvärda · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phraseiabouti · prepositionpreposition marking utseendefarsfather'sfars · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of utseendeutseendeappearanceutseende · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseThey made it easy for people to remember him.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of gjordegjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadefolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of gjordelätteasilylätt · adverbdirect object of hadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of kommainfinitive marker before a verb.
kommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadeihågto mind (remember)ihåg · adverbdepends on kommaonly occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'.
honomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommaThe children learned at once, too, that father had worked several years at Malmberget, but that he was now away wandering.
Barnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of vetafingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies BarnenMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
ocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies genastgenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies fingovetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of arbetatfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of arbetathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of arbetatarbetatworkedarbeta · verb, active, supineclausal complement of vetafleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies åråryearsår · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of arbetatvidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of arbetatmining town in Lapland.
menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varnunownu · adverbmodifies varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with arbetatbortaawayborta · adverbmodifies varpåwanderingpå · prepositionpreposition marking vandringvandringjourneyvandring · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of varIt was usual for him to go off now and then, whenever the restlessness came over him.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with vanligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to vanligtvanligtusualvanlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gavhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gavgavwent offge · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on vanligtLight-verb idioms in the examples: "gav ... till ett klagoskrik" = let out a cry; "gav sig tid" = took the time — not literal "gave" in either case.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of gavavoffav · prepositionmodifies gavbortawaybort · adverbpart of the phrase aviblandnow and thenibland · adverbmodifies gavdåwheneverdå · adverbmodifies komoroncommotionoro · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vanligtöveroveröver · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komWhere he had gone, no one knew, but everyone was certain that he would come back within a few weeks.
Vartwherevart · adverbmodifies gåtthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgonegå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to gåttingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of visstemenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of vorovorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with visstearchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
säkrasuresäker · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of voroomthatom · prepositionintroduces the clause of kommaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on säkratillbakabacktillbaka · adverbdepends on kommaomwithinom · prepositionpreposition marking veckornågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of veckorveckorweeksvecka · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of tillbakaAnd since they were Jon Assarsson's children, they were welcome to stay in the shack he had lived in while they waited for him.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationeftersomsinceeftersom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hålladetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of JonSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
vorowerevoro · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies Jonarchaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective.
JonJonJon · proper noun, nominativepossessor of barnAssarssonsAssarsson'sAssarsson · proper noun, genitivedepends on Jonbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of hållasåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on hållakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hålladetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of hållajuafter allju · adverbmodifies hållahållato stayhålla · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencetillstaytill · prepositiondepends on hållaiini · prepositionpreposition marking kåkenkåkenthe shackkåk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hållasomthatsom · pronoundirect object of bottThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of botthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bottbottlivedbott · verb, active, supinerelative clause on kåkeniini · prepositiondepends on bottmedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of väntadedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of väntadeväntadewaitedvänta · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on bottpåforpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of väntadeA woman had found the door key under the threshold and let the children in.
Enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kvinnakvinnawomankvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of letathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of letatletatfoundleta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceframforwardfram · adverbdepends on letatdörrnyckelnthe door keydörrnyckel · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of letatunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking tröskelntröskelnthresholdtröskel · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of letatochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsläpptlet insläppa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with letatininin · adverbdepends on släpptbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of släpptNo one had wondered that they had come there, and no one seemed to wonder that father went off into the wilderness like that now and then.
Ingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of undrathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of undratundratwonderedundra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceöveraboutöver · prepositionintroduces the clause of kommitattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on undratdittheredit · adverbdepends on kommitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of tycktestycktesseemedtycktes · verb, past, indicativeadverbial clause on undraundrato wonderundra · verb, active, infinitiveparallel clause to undratpåthatpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of drogattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of drogfarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of drogsålikeså · adverbmodifies drogdärtheredär · adverbmodifies drogdrogdrewdrog · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on undrautoffut · adverbdepends on drogiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking vildmarkenvildmarkenwildernessvildmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of drogiblandnow and thenibland · adverbmodifies drogIt
Detiten · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phrasethis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
- 38
was not so very unusual up here for everyone to go by their own mind.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to häruppenogprobablynog · adverbmodifies ovanligtintenotinte · particlemodifies ovanligtsåsoså · adverbmodifies ovanligtovanligtunusualovanlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies häruppehäruppeup herehäruppe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of handladevareachvar · pronoun, common gender, singulardeterminer of handlade"var" is both the interrogative/relative adverb "where" and the past tense of vara ("was"); the parser conflated the two under one type.
ochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase varenaen · determiner, common gender, singularpart of the phrase varhandladeactedhandla · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on häruppeefterbyefter · prepositionpreposition marking huvudsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of huvudpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
huvudheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of handlade - 39
Åsa had no trouble deciding for herself how she wanted things done about the funeral.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies hadesvårtdifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
göradecidegöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadeuppupupp · adverbdepends on göraförforför · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of görahurhowhur · adverbmodifies hahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of havillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on göradetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ha She had seen how one of the mine foremen had been buried the previous Sunday.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of setthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of settsettseense · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehurhowhur · adverbmodifies blivitenoneman · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of blivitSurfaces are only "en"/"En" used as a counting pronoun ("en av dem" = "one of them"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en ("one does X"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun "one"). Gloss "one" happens to still be correct.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking gruvförmännengruvförmännenthe mine foremengruvförmänn · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies enhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supineclausal complement of settbegravenburiedbegrav · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcomplement of blivitförrapreviousförra · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies söndagensöndagenSundaysöndag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blivitHe had been drawn to the church at Gällivare by the manager's own horses, and a long procession of mine workers had followed the coffin.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive dragitshadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of dragitsdragitsbeen drawndragits · verb, passive, supinemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkankyrkanchurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of dragitsiati · prepositionpreposition marking GellivareGellivareGällivareGellivare · proper noun, nominativemodifies kyrkanavbyav · prepositionpreposition marking hästardisponentensthe manager'sdisponent · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of hästaregnaownegen · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies hästarhästarhorseshäst · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies Gellivareochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of processionlånglonglång · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies processionprocessionprocessionprocession · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of dragitsavofav · prepositionpreposition marking gruvarbetaregruvarbetareminersgruvarbetare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies processionhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of följtföljtfollowedfölja · verb, active, supineparallel clause to dragitskistanchestkista · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of följtAt the grave a band had played, and a choir had sung.
Vidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking gravengravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadegrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
hadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of spelatenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of musikkårmusikkårbandmusikkår · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of spelatspelatplayedspela · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sångkörsångkörchoirsångkör · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sjungithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sjungitsjungitsungsjunga · verb, active, supinecoordinated with spelatAnd after the burial service, everyone who had been at the church had been treated to coffee at the schoolhouse.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking jordfästningenjordfästningenburial servicejordfästning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bjudnaallaallall · pronoun, pluralsubject of passive bjudnasomwhosom · pronounsubject of varitThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of varitvaritbeenvara · verb, active, supinerelative clause on allamedwithmed · prepositiondepends on varitvidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkankyrkanchurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of varitblivitbecomebli · auxiliary verb, active, supinepassive auxiliary of bjudnabjudnatreatedbjudna · verb, past, participle, plural, nominativemain verb of the sentencepåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking kaffekaffecoffeekaffe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bjudnaiati · prepositionpreposition marking skolhusetskolhusetthe schoolhouseskolhus · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of bjudnaIt was something along those lines that Åsa the goose girl wished for her brother, little Mats.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with någotvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to någotnågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singularhead of the phraseialongi · prepositionpreposition marking vägendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vägenvägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of någotsomthatsom · pronounintroduces the clause of ÅsaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativerelative clause on vägengåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluralclause modifying ÅsaMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
önskadewishedönska · verb, past, indicative, activeclause modifying Åsaförforför · prepositionpreposition marking brorsinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of brorbrorbrotherbror · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of önskadelillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with bror- 40
She had already pictured it all so eagerly that she almost saw the whole funeral procession before her eyes, but then she grew discouraged again and told herself that it probably could not be as she wished.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tänktredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies tänktsåsoså · adverbmodifies tänktivrigteagerlyivrig · adverbpart of the phrase såtänktthoughttänka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of tänktininin · adverbmodifies tänktiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking sakensakenthingsak · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of inattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågnästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tänktpast tense of se, 'to see.'
helawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies begravningstågetbegravningstågetthe funeral processionbegravningståg · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of sågförbeforeför · prepositionpreposition marking ögonsinahersig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of ögonögoneyesögon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sågmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with tänkthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevmissmodigdownheartedmissmodig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevpåagainpå · prepositionpreposition marking nyttnyttnewny · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of blevochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with blevtillto herselftill · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of sadesjälvherselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying sigattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blidetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blinogprobablynog · adverbmodifies bliintenotinte · particlemodifies blikundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of blevsåasså · adverbmodifies blisomassom · pronounintroduces the clause of villeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of villevillewantedvilja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on bli Not because it would be too costly.
Intenotinte · particlemodifies därfördärförbecausedärför · adverbhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blidetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of därförförtooför · adverbmodifies dyrtdyrtcostlydyr · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of bliThey had saved up so much money, little Mats and she, that she could give him as splendid a funeral as she could ever wish.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sparathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sparatsparatsavedspara · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceihoptogetherihop · adverbdepends on sparatsåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbmodifies pengarpengarmoneypengar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sparatlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularcoordinated with pengarMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with pengarochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with Matsattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gekundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitivedepends on pengarhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of geenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of begravningsåasså · adverbmodifies ståtligståtligstatelyståtlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies begravningbegravningfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gesomassom · pronoundirect object of önskadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of önskadenågonsinevernågonsin · adverbmodifies önskadeönskadewishedönskad · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on begravningThe hard part lay in the fact that she knew great folk never care to accommodate a child.
Detaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of lågsvåradifficultsvår · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies låglåglowlåg · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasedäriin itdäri · adverbmodifies lågattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of visstehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on lågattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of villstortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies folkfolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of villaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies villvillwantsvilja · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of vissterättato go byrätta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of villOccurs in the idiom rätta sig efter, "to conform to/follow".
sigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of villeftertoefter · prepositionpreposition marking barnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of villShe was no more than a year older than little Mats, who looked so small and frail as he lay dead before her.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive lillevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to merintenotinte · particlemodifies mermermoremycket · adverbmodifies äldreänthanän · prepositionpart of the phrase merettaen · numeral, nominative, neuter, singularquantifies åråryearår · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies äldreäldreoldergammal · adjective, nominative, comparativemodifies lilleänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking lillelillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularhead of the phraseMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of passive lillesomwhosom · pronounsubject of sågThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
sågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on Matspast tense of se, 'to see.'
såsoså · adverbmodifies litenlitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationspädfrailspäd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with litenutlookut · adverbdepends on sågdärtheredär · adverbmodifies låghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låglåglowlåg · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies döddöddeaddöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of lilleExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
framförin front offramför · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lilleShe herself was only a child too.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejuafter allju · adverbmodifies varbarajustbara · adverbmodifies varettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of varhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularparallel clause to varocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies varPerhaps the grown-ups would oppose her wishes simply because she was nothing but a child.
Kanskeperhapskanske · adverbintroduces the clause of sättaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase Kanskedetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of vuxnaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
vuxnagrown-upvuxen · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of sättaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sättasättato set/putsätta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencesigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of sättaemotagainstemot · adverbdepends on sättahennesherhon · pronounpossessor of önskningarpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
önskningarwishesönskning · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of sättadärförbecausedärför · adverbintroduces the clause of barnattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase därförhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of barnintenotinte · particlemodifies barnvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemodifies ettannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase varänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase varettaen · numeral, nominative, neuter, singularquantifies barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on sätta- 41
The first person Åsa spoke with about the funeral was the nurse.
Denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of förstaförstafirsten · adjective, nominativesubject of sjuksköterskansurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
somwhosom · pronoundirect object of taladeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on förstavidwithvid · prepositionpreposition marking begravningenomifom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of taladevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sjuksköterskansjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrase Sister Hilma had come to the cabin a while after little Mats had died, and she had known, even before she opened the door, that it must be over for him by then.
Systersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseHilmaHilmaHilma · proper noun, nominativesubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommitenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommitefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking Matssedanaftersedan · prepositionpart of the phrase efterAlso glossed as preposition (since/for/ago), but example ch03-p30-s3 ('Han följde sedan barnen...') uses sedan adverbially to mean 'then/afterward', a sense the original senses list omitted.
lillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of kommitvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to döddöddieddöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on MatsExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetatvetatknownvetaa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with kommitredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies öppnadeinnanbeforeinnan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of öppnadehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of öppnadeöppnadeopenedöppna · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vetatdörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of öppnadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of slutdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of slutmåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of slutvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to slutslutoverslut · adjective, nominativeadverbial clause on öppnademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of slutvidbyvid · prepositionpreposition marking lagetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of lagethärherehär · adverbpart of the phrase detlagetthenlag · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of slutLittle Mats had, the previous afternoon, been walking about out in the mining district.
LilleLittleLille · proper noun, nominativesubject of hadePart of the name 'Lille Mats' (Little Mats).
MatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on Lillehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttförrapreviousförra · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies eftermiddageneftermiddagenafternooneftermiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadegåttwalking aboutgå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies bortabortaout inborta · adverbmodifies gåttiini · prepositionpreposition marking gruvtraktengruvtraktenthe mining districtgruvtrakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bortaHe had stood too close to a large open pit when the mine blasts had gone off, and a couple of flying stones had struck him.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ståtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ståttståttstoodstå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceförtooför · prepositionpreposition marking näranäraclosenära · adverbmodifies ståttType lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of dagöppningstorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies dagöppningdagöppningopen pitdagöppning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ståttnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadegruvskottenthe mine blastsgruvskott · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on ståttavlossatsbeen firedavlossa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies stenarkringflygandeflyingkringflyga · adjective, nominativemodifies stenarMistagged as an adjective; 'kringflygande' is the present participle of 'kringflyga' (to fly about).
stenarstonessten · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of träffathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of träffatträffatstruckträffa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hadehonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of träffatHe had been alone, and he had lain unconscious on the ground a long while, without anyone knowing of the accident.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ensamhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ensamvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to ensamensamaloneensam · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of legatlängea long whilelänge · adverbmodifies legatlegatlainlega · verb, active, supinecoordinated with ensamSupine of 'ligga' (to lie); lemma should be 'ligga'.
avsvimmadunconsciousavsvimmad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of legatpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking markenmarkengroundmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of legatutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vetatnågonanyonenågon · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of vetathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetatvetatknownveta · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on ensamomofom · prepositionpreposition marking olyckanolyckanmisfortuneolycka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of vetatAt last a few men working at the open pit had gotten word of it in a strange way.
Tillat lasttill · prepositionmodifies hadesistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase Tillhadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenågrasomenågon · determiner, pluraldeterminer of karlarkarlarmenkarl · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of hadesomwhosom · pronounsubject of arbetadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
arbetadeworkedarbeta · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on karlariini · prepositionpreposition marking dagöppningendagöppningenopen pitdagöppning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of arbetadefåttgottenfå · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hadebudwordbud · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fåttomifom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking dendenitden · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of fåttpåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking sättettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sättbesynnerligtstrangebesynnerlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies sättsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies denThey claimed that a little gnome, no bigger than a hand's breadth, had come to the rim of the mine and called to them to hurry and help little Mats, who lay up there above the mine bleeding to death.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of påstodopåstodoclaimedpåstodo · adverbhead of the phrasePåstodo is the historical plural past form of påstå.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of pysslinglitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies pysslingpysslinggnomepyssling · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommitA synonym for tomte, the household gnome; sometimes left untranslated as 'pyssling.'
somwhosom · pronounsubject of högThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
intenotinte · particlemodifies tvärhandvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to stortstortno biggerstor · adverbmodifies meraAdverbial use of stor ('big'); e.g. 'inte stort' = 'not much'.
meramoremycket · adverbmodifies enänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase meraenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tvärhandtvärhandhand's breadthtvärhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies höghögtallhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on pysslinghadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineclausal complement of påstodotilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking randenrandenrimrand · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of kommitavofav · prepositionpreposition marking gruvangruvanthe minegruvan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies randenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationropatcalledropa · verb, active, supinecoordinated with kommittilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of ropatattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skyndadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of skyndaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of skyndaskyndato hurryskynda · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of ropatatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hjälpainfinitive marker before a verb.
hjälpahelphjälpa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on skyndalillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedirect object of hjälpasomwhosom · pronounsubject of lågThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
låglayligga · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on Matsdärtheredär · adverbmodifies lågovanföraboveovanför · prepositionpreposition marking gruvangruvanminegruva · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lågochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhöllwashålla · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with skyndapåin progresspå · prepositiondepends on höllatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of förblödainfinitive marker before a verb.
förblödableed to deathförblöda · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on höllAfter this little Mats had been carried home and bandaged, but it had been too late.
Efterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blivitlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of blivitblivitbecomebli · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencehemburencarried homehemburen · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blivitochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationförbundenbandagedförbunden · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with hemburenmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of senthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sentvaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to sentförtooför · adverbmodifies sentsentlatesen · adverbcoordinated with blivitHe had lost so much blood that he could not live.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lidithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of liditliditlostlidi · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencesåsoså · adverbmodifies storstorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies blodförlustblodförlustloss of bloodblodförlust · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of liditattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of levahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of levaintenotinte · particlemodifies levahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of levakunnatbeen able tokunna · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of levalevato liveleva · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying blodförlust- 42
When the nurse stepped into the cabin, she thought not so much of little Mats as of his sister.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of träddesjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of träddeträddesteppedträda · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tänkteininin · adverbdepends on träddeiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking stuganstugancottagestuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of träddetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkteintenotinte · particlemodifies tänktesåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbmodifies tänktepåofpå · prepositionpreposition marking Matslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of tänktesomassom · pronounintroduces the clause of systerThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
påofpå · prepositionpreposition marking systerhanshishan · pronounpossessor of systersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of tänkte "What am I to do with the poor child?"
Vadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of taskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of tatilldotill · prepositiondepends on tamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking barnetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnetfattigapoorfattig · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies barnetbarnetchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of tashe said to herself.
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of sadesjälvherselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying sig"She must be quite inconsolable."
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of otröstligärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to otröstligvälmustväl · adverbmodifies otröstligalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies otröstligotröstliginconsolableotröstlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrase- 43
But she noticed that Åsa neither wept nor complained, but quite calmly helped her with what needed to be done.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of märktemärktenoticedmärka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of grätÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of passive grätvarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgrätweptgrät · verb, past, indicative, passiveclausal complement of märkteelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationklagadecomplainedklaga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with grätutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
heltquitehelt · adverbmodifies lugntlugntcalmlylugn · adverbmodifies hjälptehjälptehelpedhjälpa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gräthenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hjälptemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of hjälptesomwhatsom · pronounsubject of passive görasThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
skulleneeded toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of görasgörasbe donegöra · verb, passive, infinitivedepends on grät The sister was greatly astonished, but she got her explanation when Åsa began to speak to her about the funeral.
Systernsistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemycketgreatlymycket · adverbmodifies förvånadförvånadastonishedförvånad · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fickfickgotfå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with blevförklaringexplanationförklaring · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of ficknärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of börjadeÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of börjadebörjadebeganbörja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on ficktalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talaomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of började- 44
"When one has had to do with someone like little Mats," said Åsa, for she liked to put her words a little solemnly and old-fashioned, "then one must first and foremost think of honoring him while one still can.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of haftmanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of haftharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthafthadha · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on sadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
göradealgöra · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of haftmedwithmed · prepositiondepends on göraenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sådansådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of görasån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
somlikesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lillelillelittlelille · verb, past, indicative, passiveadverbial clause on sådanMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on lillesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on tänkaÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sadeförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of ladehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ladeladeputla · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sade"lade han märke till" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till ("to notice"), not literal "laid".
gärnaliked togärna · adverbmodifies ladeType lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most).
sinahersig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of ordordwordsord · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of ladeliteta littlelitet · adverbmodifies högtidligthögtidligtsolemnlyhögtidlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of ladeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationlillgammaltold-fashionedlillgammal · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with högtidligtsåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on tänkamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of tänkamanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänkaförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies tänkaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfrämstfirst of allfrämst · adverbmodifies tänkatänkato thinktänka · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencepåofpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of hedraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of hedrainfinitive marker before a verb.
hedrato honorhedra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tänkahonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hedramedanwhilemedan · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kanmanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kanännustillännu · adverbmodifies kankancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tänkadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of kan There will be time enough to grieve afterward."
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blirblirbecomesbli · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevälenoughväl · adverbmodifies blirtidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliratttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sörjainfinitive marker before a verb.
sörjagrievesörja · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blirsedanthensedan · adverbmodifies sörja- 45
And so she asked the sister to help her secure little Mats a proper and honorable funeral.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåsoså · adverbmodifies badbadaskedbe · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of badsysternsistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hjälpahjälpahelphjälpa · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of badhenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hjälpaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of skaffainfinitive marker before a verb.
skaffato getskaffa · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of hjälpalillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedirect object of skaffaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of begravninghedersamhonorablehedersam · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies begravningbegravningfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of skaffa No one could deserve it better than he.
Ingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of förtjänakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förtjänaförtjänadeserveförtjäna · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of förtjänabättrebetterbra · adjective, nominative, comparativecomplement of förtjänaänthanän · prepositionpreposition marking hanhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of förtjäna- 46
The nurse thought that if the poor lonely child could find comfort in thinking about the funeral, that was a real blessing.
Sjuksköterskanthe nurseSjuksköterskan · proper noun, nominativesubject of tyckteCommon noun 'sjuksköterska' (nurse) mistagged as a proper noun.
tycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stackarsomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of stackarsdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with stackarsstackarspoorstackars · verb, past, indicative, passiveadverbial clause on tyckteBackbone mistags this as a verb; stackars is the indeclinable adjective 'poor/wretched'.
ensammalonelyensam · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies barnetbarnetchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of tycktekundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of finnafinnafindfinna · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on tyckteenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of trösttröstcomforttröst · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of finnaiini · prepositionintroduces the clause of tänkaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of tänkainfinitive marker before a verb.
tänkato thinktänka · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on finnapåaboutpå · prepositionpreposition marking begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of tänkasåthenså · adverbadverbial clause on lyckavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to lyckadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of lyckaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of lyckariktigrealriktig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies lyckalyckablessinglycka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularparallel clause to tyckte She promised she would help her, and this was a great thing for Åsa.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lovadelovadepromisedlova · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hjälpahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hjälpaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hjälpahjälpahelphjälpa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on lovadehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of hjälpaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sakvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sakenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sakstorbigstor · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies saksakthingsak · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with lovadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking ÅsaÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativemodifies sakNow she felt her goal was almost achieved, for Sister Hilma was very powerful.
Nunownu · adverbmodifies tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of uppnåttmåletgoalmål · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of uppnåttnästanalmostnästan · adverbmodifies uppnåttvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to uppnåttuppnåttachieveduppnå · verb, active, supineclausal complement of tyckteförforför · prepositionpreposition marking systersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies HilmaHilmaHilmaHilma · proper noun, nominativesubject of mäktigvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mäktigmycketverymycket · adverbmodifies mäktigmäktigmightymäktig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of tyckteAt the great mining field, where blasting went on every day, every worker knew that he might at any moment be struck by a flying stone or have a loosened rock face come down on him, and so everyone was glad to stay on good terms with the nurse.
Vidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking gruvfältetdetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of gruvfältetstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies gruvfältetweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
gruvfältetmining fieldgruvfält · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of stådärtheredär · adverbmodifies gåsprängskottenthe blasting shotssprängskott · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on gruvfältetallaallall · determiner, pluraldeterminer of dagardagardaysdag · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of gåvissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gruvfältetjuof courseju · adverbmodifies visstevarjeeveryvarje · determiner, singulardeterminer of arbetarearbetareworkerarbetare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vissteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of träffashanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of träffasnärwhennär · adverbmodifies träffasFunctions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb.
someversom · conjunctionpart of the phrase närhelstevergärna · adverbpart of the phrase närType lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most).
kundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of träffasträffasbe struckträffas · verb, passive, infinitiveclausal complement of vissteavbyav · prepositionpreposition marking stenenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stenkringflygandeflyingkringflyga · adjective, nominativemodifies stenMistagged as an adjective; 'kringflygande' is the present participle of 'kringflyga' (to fly about).
stenstonesten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularagent of träffaselleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfåhavefå · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with träffasenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of berghälllossnandecoming looselossnande · adjective, nominativemodifies berghällberghällrock faceberghäll · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåöveronöver · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of fåochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdärförsodärför · adverbmodifies ståvillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ståvareveryvar · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies stå"var" is both the interrogative/relative adverb "where" and the past tense of vara ("was"); the parser conflated the two under one type.
ochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase varenaen · determiner, common gender, singularpart of the phrase vargärnagladgärna · adverbmodifies ståType lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most).
ståstandstå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencevälon good termsväl · adverbmodifies ståmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sjuksköterskansjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stå- 47
So when the sister and Åsa went around asking the mine workers to follow little Mats to the grave the next Sunday, there were not many who refused.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gingoalltsåsoalltså · adverbpart of the phrase Närsysternsistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gingoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with systerngingowentgingo · nounadverbial clause on mångaHistorical plural preterite of gå; modern Swedish uses gick.
omkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies gingoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbådoaskedbådo · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with omkringgruvarbetarnathe minersgruvarbetarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralpart of the phrase omkringattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of följadetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of söndagSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
nästanextnästa · adjective, nominativemodifies söndagsöndagSundaysöndag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of följaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of följaföljato followfölja · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gingolillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedirect object of följatilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking gravengravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följagrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mångadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of mångaintenotinte · particlemodifies mångamångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasesomwhosom · pronounsubject of nekadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
nekaderefusedneka · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on många "We'll do that, since sister asks us to," they said.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of göraskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of göraviwevi · pronoun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of göravälsurelyväl · adverbmodifies göragöradogöra · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceeftersomsinceeftersom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bersystersistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berbercarriedba · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on göraTagged present tense, but every occurrence is the old preterite of bära ("carried"), not the present.
ossusvi · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluralindirect object of bersadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to göradetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sade- 48
The sister also managed happily to arrange the brass quartet that was to play at the grave, and the little choir.
Systernsistersyster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fickfickmanagedfå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of fickocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies lyckligtlyckligthappilylycklig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of fickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvälhappilyväl · adverbmodifies ordnatordnatarrangedordna · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with fickmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking mässingskvartettenmässingskvartettenbrass quartetmässingskvartett · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ordnatsomthatsom · pronounsubject of spelaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
skullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of spelaspelaplayspela · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on mässingskvartettenvidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking gravengravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of spelagrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sångkörendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sångkörenlillalittleliten · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies sångkörensångkörenchoirsångkör · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with spela She did not try to get the schoolhouse made available, but since it was still warm, settled summer weather, it was decided that the funeral guests would drink coffee out in the open.
Skolhusetthe schoolhouseSkolhuset · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of försökteförsöktetriedförsöka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försökteintenotinte · particlemodifies fåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of fåinfinitive marker before a verb.
fågetfå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on försökteupplåtetmade availableupplåt · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of fåmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationeftersomsinceeftersom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varmtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of varmtännustillännu · adverbmodifies varmtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to varmtvarmtwarmvarm · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with försökteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstadigtsettledstadig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with varmtsommarvädersummer weathersommarväder · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with varmtbeslötsit was decidedbeslöts · verb, present, indicative, passivecoordinated with varmtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of beslötsattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of drickabegravningsgästernathe funeral guestsbegravningsgäst · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of drickaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of drickadrickadrinkdricka · verb, active, infinitivedepends on beslötskaffecoffeekaffe · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraldirect object of drickauteoutsideute · adverbmodifies drickaioutdoorsi · prepositionpreposition marking friadetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of friafriafreefri · adjective, nominative, singularoblique complement of uteThey got to borrow benches and tables from the temperance hall, and cups and plates from the shops.
Detheyen · pronoun, nominative, pluraldeterminer of fingosurfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en.
fingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralhead of the phraseMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
lånaborrowlåna · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of fingobänkarbenchesbänk · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of lånaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbordtablebord · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with bänkarfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking godtemplarsalengodtemplarsalenthe temperance hallgodtemplarsal · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies bordochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkopparcupskopp · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with bänkarHomograph: koppar means both "cups" and the metal "copper."
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfatdishfat · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with kopparfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking handelsbodarnahandelsbodarnashopshandelsbod · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies fatA couple of mine workers' wives, who had lying in their chests things they did not use while living here in the wilderness, brought out fine tablecloths for the sister's sake, to be spread on the coffee tables.
Ettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies gruvarbetarhustrurgruvarbetarhustrurminers' wivesgruvarbetarhustrur · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of plockadesomwhosom · pronounsubject of hadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking kistornakistornathe chestskistore · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on gruvarbetarhustrurliggandelyingliggande · adjective, nominativemodifies sakersakerthingssak · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of hadesomthatsom · pronounsubject of användeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of användeintenotinte · particlemodifies användeanvändeusedanvände · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on sakersåwhileså · adverbmodifies längelängewhilelänge · adverbmodifies gruvarbetarhustrursomwhilesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of boddedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of boddeboddelivedboda · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on gruvarbetarhustrurhärherehär · adverbmodifies boddeiini · prepositionpreposition marking vildmarkenvildmarkenwildernessvildmark · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of boddeplockadepickedplocka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceförforför · prepositionpreposition marking systernssysternssister'ssyster · noun, genitive, common gender, singularoblique complement of plockadeskullsakeskull · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on systernsonly occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'.
framforwardfram · adverbmodifies plockadefintfinefin · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies duktygduktygtable linenduktyg · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of framsomthatsom · pronounsubject of passive bredasThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
skullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bredasbredasbe spreadbreda · verb, passive, infinitiverelative clause on duktygpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking kaffebordenkaffebordenthe coffee tableskaffebord · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bredas- 49
So rusks and pretzel-cakes were ordered from a baker in Boden, and dark and light candies from a confectioner in Luleå.
Såsoså · adverbmodifies beställdesbeställdeswere orderedbeställ · verb, past, indicative, passivemain verb of the sentenceskorporrusksskorpa · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of passive beställdesochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkringlorpretzelskringlor · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with skorporhoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking bagareenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bagarebagarea bakerbagare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies kringloriini · prepositionpreposition marking BodenBodenBodenBoden · proper noun, nominativemodifies bagareochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsvartblacksvar · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with BodenThe lemma should be svart ("black"); the parser mistagged the surface "svart" under the noun svar ("answer").
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvitwhitevit · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with svartkonfektcandykonfekt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of beställdeshoswithhos · prepositionpreposition marking sockerbagareenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of sockerbagaresockerbagareconfectionersockerbagare · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of beställdesiini · prepositionpreposition marking LuleåLuleåLuleåLuleå · proper noun, nominativemodifies sockerbagareTown in Norrbotten.
- 50
There was such a stir about the funeral Åsa wanted to give her brother, little Mats, that it was talked of throughout Malmberget.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesåsuchså · adverbmodifies blevmyckenmuchmycken · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies uppståndelseuppståndelsestiruppståndelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevföroverför · prepositionpreposition marking begravningendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blevsomthatsom · pronounsubject of geThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gevillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gegeto givege · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on begravningensinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of brorbrorbrotherbror · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gelillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularcoordinated with begravningenMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with begravningenattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of taladesdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of passive taladestaladeswas discussedtala · verb, past, indicative, passiveclause modifying begravningenomofom · prepositionpreposition marking dendeniten · pronoun, common gender, singularoblique complement of taladesithroughouti · prepositionpreposition marking Malmbergethelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativemodifies denmining town in Lapland.
And at last the manager himself got to hear what was afoot.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtillat lasttill · prepositionmodifies ficksistlastsist · adverbpart of the phrase tillfickgot to hearfå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on vetasjälvahimselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies disponentenSurface "själva" is the plural/emphatic form of själv and can mean "themselves" or intensify "the very."
disponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on varsomwhatsom · pronounsubject of varThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of vetaiafooti · prepositionpreposition marking görningengörningenafootgörning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of var- 51
When the manager heard that fifty mine workers were to follow to the grave a twelve-year-old boy who, for all he knew, was nothing but a wandering beggar, he thought it sounded utterly senseless.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hördedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hördehördeheardhörde · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of följafemtiofiftyfemtio · numeral, nominativequantifies gruvarbetaregruvarbetareminersgruvarbetare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of följaskullewere toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of följaföljato followfölja · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of hördetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking gravengravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följagrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of årstolvtwelvetolv · numeral, nominativequantifies årsårsyear-oldår · noun, genitive, neuter, pluralpossessor of pojkepojkeboypojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies gravensomwhosom · pronounsubject of efterThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
efterforefter · prepositionrelative clause on följaalltallall · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase eftervadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of visstehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activein apposition to följaintenotinte · particlemodifies tiggarevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to tiggareannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase varänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase varenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tiggarekringstrykandewanderingkringstrykande · adjective, nominativemodifies tiggaretiggarebeggarstigg · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralin apposition to hördetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of lätdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of lätlätsoundedlät · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tyckterentpurelyren · adverbmodifies vanvettigtvanvettigtabsurdvanvettig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of lät And there was to be singing and music and a coffee party, and the grave dressed with fir branches, and candy from Luleå!
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsångsongsång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kläddochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmusikmusicmusik · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sångochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkaffebjudningcoffee partykaffebjudning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sångskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of klädddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of kläddvarabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to kläddochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationgravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kläddgrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
klädddressedklädd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phrasemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking granrisgranrisspruce branchesgranris · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kläddochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkonfektcandykonfekt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with kläddfrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking LuleåLuleåLuleåLuleå · proper noun, nominativemodifies konfektTown in Norrbotten.
He sent for the nurse and asked her to put a stop to all of it.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skickadeskickadesentskicka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceefterforefter · prepositionpreposition marking sjuksköterskansjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skickadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbadaskedbe · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with skickadehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of badattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of avstyrahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of avstyraskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of avstyraavstyrapreventavstyra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on badalltallall · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of dettadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of avstyra"It's a shame to let the poor girl waste her money this way," he said.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with syndärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to syndsynda shamesynd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of låtainfinitive marker before a verb.
låtato letlåta · verb, active, infinitivedepends on synddenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardirect object of låtastackarspoorstackars · adjective, genitive, masculine, singularpossessor of flickaninvariant word expressing pity, 'poor' as in 'poor thing'.
flickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of låtaslösawasteslösa · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with syndbortawaybort · adverbdepends on slösasinahersig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of pengarpengarmoneypengar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of slösapåthis waypå · prepositionpreposition marking sättetdettathisdenna · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of sättetsättetwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of slösasadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to slösahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade"It won't do for great folk to go along with a child's whim like that.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gårgårgoesgå · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies gårandoan · adverbdepends on gårUsed only in the fixed idiom 'gå an' meaning 'to be all right/permitted'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of rättarstortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies folkfolkpeoplefolk · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of rättarsålikeså · adverbintroduces the clause of rättardärtheredär · adverbmodifies rättarrättargoes along withrätta · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on gårsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of rättarefterwithefter · prepositionpreposition marking infallettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnsbarnsa child'sbarn · noun, genitive, neuter, singularpossessor of infallinfallwhiminfall · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of rättarYou're all making fools of yourselves."
Niyouni · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of görsecond-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser.
gördoesgöra · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceeryouni · pronoun, accusative, common gender, pluraldirect object of görjuafter allju · adverbmodifies görlöjligaridiculouslöjlig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies allihopallihopallallihop · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of gör- 52
The manager was not unkind or hot-tempered.
Disponententhe managerdisponenten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ondvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ondintenotinte · particlemodifies ondondangryond · adjective, nominativehead of the phraseond usually means 'angry/furious' in these contexts, but can mean 'evil' elsewhere.
elleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhäftigviolenthäftig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with ond He spoke quite calmly and asked the nurse to call off the singing and the music and the long procession.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of taladetaladespoketala · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceheltquitehelt · adverbmodifies lugntlugntcalmlylugnd · adjective, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of taladeused adverbially, 'calm/quiet'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbadaskedbe · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with taladesjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of badattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of inställahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of inställaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of inställainställato call offinställa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on taladesångensongsång · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of inställaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmusikenmusicmusik · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sångenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of processionenlångalonglång · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies processionenprocessionenprocessionprocession · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sångenIt would be quite enough if some nine or ten people followed to the grave.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with tillräckligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to tillräckligtjuquiteju · adverbmodifies tillräckligttillräckligtenoughtillräcklig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularhead of the phraseomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of följdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of nionioninenio · numeral, nominativequantifies personertiotentio · numeral, nominativequantifies niopersonerpeopleperson · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of följdeföljdefollowedfölja · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on tillräckligtmedwithmed · prepositiondepends on följdetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking gravengravengravegrav · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följdegrav can mean either a burial grave or a moat, depending on context.
And the nurse did not say a word against the manager, partly out of respect and partly because she had to admit to herself that he was right.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies sadeemotagainstemot · prepositiondepends on sadedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking ordettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ordordwordord · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sadedelspartlydels · conjunctionmodifies respektavout ofav · prepositionpreposition marking respektrespektrespectrespekt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdelspartlydels · conjunctionmodifies därfördärförbecausedärför · adverbcoordinated with sadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of erkännahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of erkännainomwithininom · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of erkännamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of erkännaerkännato admiterkänna · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of sadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of erkännarättrighträtt · adverbdirect object of hadeThere was too much fuss being made over a beggar boy.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of uppståndelsevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to uppståndelseförtooför · prepositionpreposition marking uppståndelsemyckenmuchmycken · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies uppståndelseuppståndelsefussuppståndelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseföroverför · prepositionpreposition marking tiggarpojkeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tiggarpojketiggarpojkebeggar boytiggarpojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of uppståndelseShe had let her pity for the poor girl run away with her good sense.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låtithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of låtitlåtitletlåta · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencemedlidandetthe pitymedlidand · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of låtitmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking flickandenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of flickanstackarspoorstackars · adjective, genitive, masculine, singularpart of the phrase deninvariant word expressing pity, 'poor' as in 'poor thing'.
flickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies medlidandetspringato runspringa · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of låtitOne cited example uses the homograph springa "slit/crack" (a different noun); this type is the infinitive verb "to run".
bortawaybort · adverbdepends on springamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking förståndsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of förståndpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
förståndsenseförstånd · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of springaunderstanding/good sense, not the false-friend 'understanding' alone.
- 53
The nurse went from the manager's villa down to the shack town to tell Åsa that she could not have it arranged as she wished, but it was not with a light heart, for she knew better than anyone what that funeral meant to the poor child.
Sjuksköterskanthe nurseSjuksköterskan · proper noun, nominativesubject of gickCommon noun 'sjuksköterska' (nurse) mistagged as a proper noun.
gickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencefrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking disponentvillandisponentvillanthe manager's villadisponentvillan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gicknerdownner · adverbmodifies gicktilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kåkstadenkåkstadenthe shack townkåkstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of nerförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of sägaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sägainfinitive marker before a verb.
sägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gickÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativedirect object of sägaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of fåhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåintenotinte · particlemodifies fåkundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåfåhavefå · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying Åsadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of fåsåasså · adverbmodifies ordnatordnatarrangedordna · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of fåsomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of önskadehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of önskadeönskadewishedönska · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on fåmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of hjärtavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to hjärtaintenotinte · particlemodifies hjärtamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hjärtalättlightlätt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies hjärtach01-p14 'ett lätt buller' renders as 'a faint noise' in the translation, a distinct sense from weight/air-lightness or ease.
hjärtahearthjärta · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with gickförforför · prepositionpreposition marking honhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on gickvissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebästbestbra · adverbmodifies visstevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of visstedeniten · pronoun, common gender, singularpart of the phrase vaddärtheredär · adverbmodifies betyddebegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of betyddebetyddemeantbetyda · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on denförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetiten · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of betyddethis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
stackarspoorstackars · verb, past, indicative, passivecoordinated with betyddeBackbone mistags this as a verb; stackars is the indeclinable adjective 'poor/wretched'.
barnetchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of passive stackars On the way she met a couple of workers' wives and talked with them about her troubles.
Påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking vägenvägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of möttemöttemetmötte · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of mötteettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of parparcouplepar · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies arbetarhustrurarbetarhustrurworkers' wivesarbetarhustrur · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of mötteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtaladetalkedtala · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with mötteTagged as an adjective but is talade, the past tense of tala, 'to talk'.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraloblique complement of taladeomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking bekymmersinahersig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of bekymmerbekymmerworriesbekymmer · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of taladeThey said at once that they thought the manager was right.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencegenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies sadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tycktedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of saderättrighträtt · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hadeIt would not do to make such a grand show over a beggar boy.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies gickandoan · adverbdepends on gickUsed only in the fixed idiom 'gå an' meaning 'to be all right/permitted'.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of ställainfinitive marker before a verb.
ställato makeställa · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gicktillarrangetill · prepositiondepends on ställamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking ställasåsuchså · adverbmodifies myckenmyckenmuchmycken · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies ståtståtpompståt · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with gickföroverför · prepositionpreposition marking tiggarpojkeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tiggarpojketiggarpojkebeggar boytiggarpojke · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ståtIt was a pity for the girl, of course, but it was too much that a child should be allowed to arrange and order things that way.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of syndvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to syndsynda pitysynd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseomforom · prepositionpreposition marking flickanflickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of syndförståsof courseförstås · adverbmodifies syndmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of mycketvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mycketförtooför · adverbmodifies mycketmyckettoo muchmycket · adverbcoordinated with syndattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of barnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on mycketpåthat waypå · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularmodifies barndärtheredär · adverbmodifies ställasättetwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of ställaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ställafåbe allowed tofå · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of ställaställato arrangeställa · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on detochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationstyrato orderstyra · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with ställaIt was really just as well that nothing had come of the whole affair.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with riktigtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to riktigtriktigttrulyriktig · adverbhead of the phraseväljust as wellväl · adverbmodifies riktigtattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blevdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with blevintenotinte · particlemodifies blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on riktigtnågotnothingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singularcomplement of blevavofav · prepositiondepends on blevmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking alltihopalltihopthe whole thingalltihop · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of blev- 54
The wives then went their separate ways and spread the news further.
Hustrurnathe wivesHustrurna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of gingogingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phrasePast plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective.
sedanthensedan · adverbpreposition marking hållvarseparatevar · pronoun, common gender, singularpart of the phrase sedan"var" is both the interrogative/relative adverb "where" and the past tense of vara ("was"); the parser conflated the two under one type.
ochandoch · conjunctionpart of the phrase varenoneen · numeral, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase varåtinåt · prepositionpart of the phrase varsitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of hållpossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
hålldirectionhåll · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of gingoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationberättadetoldberätta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gingosakenthingsak · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of berättadevidarefurthervidare · adverbmodifies berättade Soon it was known from the shack town all the way to the mine shafts that there would be no grand funeral for little Mats.
Snartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies varvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of varbekantknownbekant · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies varifrånfromifrån · prepositionpreposition marking kåkstadenkåkstadenthe shack townkåkstad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of varändaall the wayända · adverbmodifies bortbortawaybort · adverbmodifies vartilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking gruvschaktengruvschaktenthe mine shaftsgruvschakt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of bortattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blidetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with bliingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of storbegravningstorbegravninggrand funeralstorbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of varefterforefter · prepositionpreposition marking Matslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativecomplement of bliAnd everyone at once agreed that this was the only right thing.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationallaallall · determiner, pluralsubject of erkändeerkändeagreederkäna · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencegenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies erkändeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of riktigadettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of riktigavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to riktigadettheen · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of riktigathis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
endaonlyenda · adjective, nominativemodifies riktigariktigarealriktig · adjective, nominative, singularadverbial clause on erkände- 55
There was probably only one person in the whole of Malmberget who was of another mind, and that was Åsa the goose girl.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåsapigavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to gåsapiganogprobablynog · adverbmodifies varbarajustbara · adverbmodifies varenoneen · numeral, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on varithroughouti · prepositionpreposition marking Malmbergethelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of varmining town in Lapland.
somwhosom · pronounsubject of meningThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · pronoun, common gender, singularcopula linking to meningthe surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun.
avofav · prepositionpreposition marking meningannanotherannan · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies meningmeningmindmening · noun, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on Malmbergetochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdennathisdenna · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of Åsavarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ÅsaÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gåsapigagåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluralhead of the phraseMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
- 56
The nurse really had a hard time of it with her.
Sjuksköterskanthe nurseSjuksköterskan · proper noun, nominativesubject of haftCommon noun 'sjuksköterska' (nurse) mistagged as a proper noun.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of haftverkligenreallyverkligen · adverbmodifies hafthafthadha · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundsvårhardsvår · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of haftmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of haft Åsa had not wept or complained, but she had not been willing to bend.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gråtithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gråtitintenotinte · particlemodifies gråtitgråtitweptgråtit · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationklagatcomplainedklaga · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gråtitmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of velathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of velatintenotinte · particlemodifies velatvelatwantedvela · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gråtitlemma should be vilja 'to want'; velat is its supine form.
böjato bendböja · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of velatsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of böjaShe said that since she had not asked the manager for any help, he had nothing at all to do with the matter.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of bettdåsincedå · subordinating conjunctionmodifies betthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bettintenotinte · particlemodifies betthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of bettbettaskedbeda · verb, active, supineclausal complement of sadeSupine of be "to ask".
disponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of bettomforom · prepositionpreposition marking hjälpnågonanynågon · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of hjälphjälphelphjälp · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies disponentenhadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on sadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadejuafter allju · adverbmodifies hadeingentingnothingingenting · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
göradogöra · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of hademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sakensakenthingsak · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of göraSurely he could not forbid her to bury her brother as she wished.
Intenotinte · particlemodifies förbjudakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förbjudahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förbjudaförbjudaforbidförbjuda · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of förbjudaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of begravainfinitive marker before a verb.
begravaburybegrava · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on förbjudasinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of brorbrorbrotherbror · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of begravasomassom · pronoundirect object of villeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of villevillewantedvilja · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on bror- 57
It was only when several women had explained to her that none of them would come to the funeral now that the manager did not wish to hear of it, that she understood she must have his permission.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of förklaratvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to förklaratförstfirstförst · adverbmodifies förklaratnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förklaratfleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kvinnorkvinnorwomenkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of förklarathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förklaratförklaratexplainedförklara · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceförtoför · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of förklaratattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommaingenno oneingen · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of kommaavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies ingenskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommakommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivedepends on förklaratpåtopå · prepositionpreposition marking begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kommanunownu · adverbmodifies vetadåthatdå · adverbmodifies vetadisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetaintenotinte · particlemodifies vetavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on kommaavofav · prepositionpreposition marking dendeniten · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies vetasomthatsom · pronoundirect object of förstodThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodförstodunderstoodförstod · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on denattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of förstodhanshishan · pronounpossessor of tillåtelsetillåtelsepermissiontillåtelse · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of ha - 58
Åsa the goose girl sat silent for a while.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativemodifies gåsapigagåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of sattMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
sattsatsitta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencetystquiettyst · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sattenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of stundstundwhilestund · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of satt Then she rose abruptly.
Såthenså · adverbmodifies resteresteroseresa · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of restesigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of restehastigtquicklyhastig · adverbmodifies reste"Where are you off to?"
Vartwherevart · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies taskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of taduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tatato taketa · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencevägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of taasked the nurse.
frågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågade— "I suppose I'll have to go and speak to the manager," said Åsa.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåfårhave tofå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåvälsupposeväl · adverbmodifies gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationtalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gåmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking disponentendisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to gåÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sade— "You can't possibly believe he'll accommodate you," said the women.
Intenotinte · particlemodifies trokancankunna · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of troduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trotrobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of skaskawillskola · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of troModal auxiliary 'ska', shall/will/going to.
rättato go byrätta · verb, active, infinitivemodifies sigOccurs in the idiom rätta sig efter, "to conform to/follow".
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of skaeftertoefter · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skasadesaidsaa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with skalemma should be säga 'to say'; sade/sa are its past-tense forms.
kvinnornawomenkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of sade— "I believe little Mats wants me to go," said Åsa.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trortrorthinkstro · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of villlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of villvillwantsvilja · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of trorattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of villsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to trorÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sade"The manager has perhaps never heard what sort of person he was."
Disponententhe managerdisponenten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of passive talasharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of talaskanskeperhapskanske · adverbmodifies talasaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies talashörtheardhöra · verb, active, supineauxiliary of talastalasto be talked abouttala · verb, passive, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceIdiom hört talas om = 'heard tell of.'
omofom · prepositionintroduces the clause of varvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of varhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on talasförkind offör · prepositionpreposition marking människaenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of var- 59
Åsa the goose girl got herself ready quickly and was soon on her way to the manager.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gjordegåsapigagoose girlgåsapiga · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on Åsamistagged as an adjective; it is the compound noun for the goose-tending girl, used here as an epithet with the name Åsa.
gjordedidgöra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of gjorderasktbrisklyrask · adverbmodifies gjordeireadyi · prepositiondepends on gjordeordningreadyordning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase iochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvarwasvara · adverbcoordinated with gjordeThis is the past tense "var" of vara ("to be"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it.
snartsoonsnart · adverbmodifies varpåonpå · prepositionpart of the phrase varvägwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase vartilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking disponentendisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of var But one must understand that it seemed altogether unbelievable that a child like her should try to move the manager, the most powerful man in Malmberget, from what he had once declared to be his will.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies vetamåmaymå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of vetamanoneman · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vetavetato knowveta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förefölldetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of föreföllföreföllseemedförefölal · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of vetalemma is a mis-OCR of föreföll ('seemed').
rentpurelyren · adverbmodifies otroligtotroligtunbelievableotrolig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of föreföllattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of barnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on föreföllsomlikesom · pronounoblique complement of försökaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of försökaskulleshouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of försökaförsökato tryförsöka · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on barnatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of rubbainfinitive marker before a verb.
rubbamoverubba · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of försökadisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of rubbasomthatsom · pronounsubject of mannenThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
varwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to mannendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of mannenmäktigastemightiestmäktig · adjective, nominative, superlativemodifies mannenmannenmanman · noun, nominative, common gender, singularrelative clause on disponenteniini · prepositionpreposition marking MalmbergetMalmbergetMalmbergetMalmberget · proper noun, nominativemodifies mannenmining town in Lapland.
frånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking vadvadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of fastställthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fastställtenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of gånggångoncegång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of fastställthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fastställtfastställtdeclaredfastställ · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on mannensomto besom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of viljasinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of viljaviljawillvilja · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of fastställtAnd both the nurse and the other women could not help following after her at some distance, to see whether she would have the courage to go all the way through with it.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbådebothbåde · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsjuksköterskannursesjuksköterska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of låtaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of kvinnornaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies kvinnornakvinnornawomenkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with sjuksköterskankundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of låtaintenotinte · particlemodifies låtalåtato letlåta · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of låtaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of följainfinitive marker before a verb.
följato followfölja · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of bliefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of följapåatpå · prepositionpreposition marking avståndlitetlittleliten · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies avståndavstånddistanceavstånd · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of följaförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of seatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of seinfinitive marker before a verb.
seseese · verb, active, infinitiveclause modifying avståndomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of haskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of semodcouragemod · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of haatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of gåinfinitive marker before a verb.
gågogå · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of haändaall the wayända · adverbmodifies framframforwardfram · adverbmodifies gå- 60
Åsa the goose girl walked in the middle of the road, and there was something about her that made people turn to look after her.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gickgåsapigagoose girlgåsapiga · adjective, nominative, pluraldepends on Åsamistagged as an adjective; it is the compound noun for the goose-tending girl, used here as an epithet with the name Åsa.
gickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencemittpåin the middle ofmittpå · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies vägenFunctions as the preposition 'mittpå' (in the middle of), mistagged as an adjective.
vägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gickochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with hennevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to hennenågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardeterminer of henneöveraboutöver · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularcoordinated with gicksomthatsom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on hennemänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of komatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of seinfinitive marker before a verb.
seseese · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on komsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of seomaroundom · prepositionpreposition marking seefteratefter · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of se She came walking so grave and dignified, just like a young maiden going through the church to her first communion.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevandrandewalkingvandra · adjective, nominativeoblique complement of komPresent participle 'vandrande' of 'vandra' (to walk/wander); mistagged as an adjective.
såsoså · adverbmodifies allvarsamallvarsamseriousallvarsam · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvärdigdignifiedvärdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with allvarsamjustjustjust · adverbmodifies ungmösomlikesom · prepositionpreposition marking ungmöFunctions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of ungmöungmöyoung maidenungmö · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komsomlikesom · pronounsubject of gårThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
gårgoesgå · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on ungmöframforwardfram · adverbdepends on gårgenomthroughgenom · prepositionpreposition marking kyrkankyrkanchurchkyrka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gårtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking nattvardsgångsinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of nattvardsgångförstafirsten · adjective, nominativemodifies nattvardsgångsurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
nattvardsgångcommunionnattvardsgång · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gårOn her head she wore a large black silk kerchief she had inherited from her mother; in one hand she held a rolled-up handkerchief, and in the other a basket with wooden toys that little Mats had made.
Påonpå · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on höllhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of silkeklädestortbigstor · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies silkeklädesvartblacksvar · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies silkeklädeThe lemma should be svart ("black"); the parser mistagged the surface "svart" under the noun svar ("answer").
silkeklädesilk kerchiefsilkekläde · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadesomthatsom · pronoundirect object of ärvtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ärvthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of ärvtärvtinheritedärv · verb, active, supinerelative clause on silkeklädeefterfromefter · prepositionpreposition marking mormormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ärvtiini · prepositionpreposition marking handenenaoneena · adjective, nominativemodifies handenhandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of höllhöllheldhålla · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of höllenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of näsdukhoprulladrolled-uphoprulla · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies näsduknäsdukhandkerchiefnäsduk · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of höllochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiini · prepositionpreposition marking andradenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of andraandraotherannan · adjective, nominative, singularcoordinated with höllenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of korgkorgbasketkorg · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of höllmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking träleksakerträleksakerwooden toysträleksaker · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies korgsomthatsom · pronounsubject of förfärdigatThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
lillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of förfärdigathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of förfärdigatförfärdigatmadeförfärdiga · verb, active, supinerelative clause on träleksaker- 61
When the children who were playing on the road saw her coming along in that manner, they ran up and called out: "Where are you going, Åsa?
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of sesomwhosom · pronounsubject of lekteThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
lekteplayedleka · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on barnenpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking vägenvägenwayväg · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of lektefingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies seMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
seseese · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of sekommacomekomma · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of segåendewalkinggå · adjective, nominativedepends on kommaPresent participle gående used adjectivally/adverbially.
påinpå · prepositionpreposition marking detdetthaten · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of kommathis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
därtheredär · adverbmodifies kommasättetwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase därsprungoransprungo · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with därTagged as a noun but is the historical past-plural of springa, 'to run' (cf. voro, gingo).
detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralmodifies sprungoframforwardfram · adverbpart of the phrase deochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationropadecalled outropa · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with kommaVartwherevart · pronoun, common gender, singularmodifies gåskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativedirect object of gå Where are you going?"
Vartwherevart · adverbmodifies gåskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceBut Åsa did not answer.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of svaradesvaradeansweredsvara · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies svaradeShe had not even heard that they had spoken to her.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hörthadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörtintenotinte · particlemodifies hörtensat onceens · adverbmodifies hörtUsed in the fixed idiom med ens 'all at once/suddenly.'
hörtheardhöra · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of talatdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of talathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talattalattalkedtala · verb, active, supineclausal complement of hörttilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talatShe only walked on.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of vandradevandradewanderedvandra · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebarajustbara · adverbmodifies vandradeframåtforwardframåt · adverbmodifies vandradeAnd when the children asked over and over and ran to catch up with her, the women following behind took hold of their arms and held them back.
Ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of frågadebarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of frågadefrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceomoverom · prepositiondepends on frågadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationomoverom · prepositioncoordinated with frågadeigenagainigen · adverbpart of the phrase omochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsprungoransprungo · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with igenTagged as a noun but is the historical past-plural of springa, 'to run' (cf. voro, gingo).
fattholdfatt · adverbdepends on frågadeOccurs in the fixed idiom 'få/gripa fatt (i)', 'to get/grab hold (of)'.
henneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of frågadetogotooktogo · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with frågadeOld plural past tense of taga/ta ('to take').
detheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of kvinnornaSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
efterföljandefollowing behindefterföljande · adjective, nominativemodifies kvinnornakvinnornawomenkvinna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of togodemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of togoiofi · prepositionpreposition marking armenarmenarmarm · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of togoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhejdadestoppedhejda · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with togodemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluraldirect object of hejdade"Let her go!"
Låtletlåta · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of Låtgågogå · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of Låtthey said.
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sade"She's going up to the manager to beg leave to give her brother, little Mats, a grand funeral."
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of oppskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of oppoppupopp · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceOpp is a historical spelling of modern upp.
tilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking disponentendisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of oppochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationbeto askbe · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with oppattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of görahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of görafårmayfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of göragöragivegöra · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of bestorbegravninggrand funeralstorbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of göraefterforefter · prepositionpreposition marking brorsinhersig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of brorbrorbrotherbror · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of göralillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativecoordinated with brorThen the children too were seized with awe at her daring to attempt something so bold, and a small group of them followed along to see how it would turn out.
DåthenDå · adverbmodifies greposgreposwere seizedgrepos · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förfäranocksåalsoockså · adverbmodifies greposbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralsubject of greposavwithav · prepositionpreposition marking förfäranförfäranfrightförfäran · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseöveratöver · prepositionintroduces the clause of företagaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of företagahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of företagavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of företagaföretagaattemptföretaga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on förfäranOlder infinitive form of modern företa.
sigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of företaganågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of företagasåsoså · adverbmodifies dristigtdristigtbolddristig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of företagaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of grupplitensmallliten · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies gruppgruppgroupgrupp · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of följdeavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies gruppföljdefollowedfölja · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to förfäranmedwithmed · prepositiondepends on följdeförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of seatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of seinfinitive marker before a verb.
seseese · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on följdehurhowhur · adverbmodifies avlöpadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of avlöpaskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of avlöpaavlöpato turn outavlöpa · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of se- 62
This was around six o'clock in the evening, when work let out at the mines, and by the time Åsa had walked some way, several hundred workers came striding along with long, hurried steps.
Dettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåttvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to sextidenvidaroundvid · prepositionpreposition marking sextidensextidenaround six o'clocksextid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies Dettapåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking dagendagendaydag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies sextidendåwhendå · adverbmodifies upphördearbetetworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singularsubject of upphördeupphördestoppedupphöra · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on sextideniati · prepositionpreposition marking gruvornagruvornathe minesgruvorna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of upphördeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåttÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttwalkedgå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of styckestyckepiecestycke · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of gåttkommocamekommo · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with gåttkommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag.
fleraseveralflera · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies hundrahundrahundredhundra · numeral, nominativequantifies arbetarearbetareworkersarbetare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of kommovandrandewalkingvandra · adjective, nominativecomplement of kommoPresent participle 'vandrande' of 'vandra' (to walk/wander); mistagged as an adjective.
medwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking steglångalonglång · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stegbrådskandehurriedbrådskande · adjective, nominativecoordinated with långastegstepsteg · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of kommo They otherwise looked neither right nor left as they walked home from work, but when they met Åsa, a few of them noticed that something unusual was afoot, and they asked her what was going on.
Detheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of sågosågosawsågoa · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceLemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se ("saw"), not a noun or present tense.
annarsotherwiseannars · adverbmodifies sågovarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationåttoåt · prepositionmodifies vänsterhögerright (side)höger · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase åtelleroreller · conjunctionpart of the phrase åtvänsterleftvänster · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågothe left side/direction.
närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gingodetheyen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of gingoSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
gingowentgingo · adjective, nominative, pluraladverbial clause on sågoPast plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective.
hemhomehem · adverbmodifies gingofrånfromfrån · prepositionpreposition marking arbetetarbetetworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of hemmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of möttedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of möttemöttemetmötte · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sågoÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativedirect object of möttemärktenoticedmärka · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to sågonågrasomenågon · pronoun, pluralsubject of märkteavofav · prepositionpreposition marking demdemthemde · pronoun, accusative, pluralmodifies någraattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of ovanligtdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of ovanligtvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to ovanligtnågotsomethingnågon · determiner, neuter, singularmodifies ovanligtovanligtunusualovanlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of märktepåafootpå · prepositionpreposition marking färdefärdeafootfärde · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of ovanligtArchaic noun surviving only in the idiom 'fara å färde', 'danger afoot/about'.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of frågadefrågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with ovanligthenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularindirect object of frågadevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on stodsomwhatsom · pronounsubject of stodThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
stodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on frågadepågoing onpå · prepositiondepends on stodÅsa did not answer a word, but the other children shouted out at the top of their voices where she was headed.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of svaradesvaradeansweredsvara · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies svaradeettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ordordwordord · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of svarademenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetheen · determiner, pluraldeterminer of barnenSurfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'
andraotherannan · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies barnenbarnenchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralmodifies skrekoskrekocried outskreko · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with svaradeTagged as a noun but is the past plural of skrika, 'to cry/shout' (kommo, gingo-style historical plural).
utoutut · adverbmodifies skrekomedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking rösthögtallhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies röströstvoiceröst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of utvartwherevart · adverbmodifies ämnadehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of ämnadeämnadeintendedämna · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on skrekosigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of ämnadeThen a few of the workers thought this so bold an act for a child that they came along to see how it would go for her.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies tycktetycktethoughttycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencenågrasomenågon · pronoun, pluralsubject of tyckteavofav · prepositionpreposition marking arbetarnaarbetarnaworkersarbetare · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralmodifies någraattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of handlatdettathisdenna · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of handlatvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to handlatsåsoså · adverbmodifies handlatmodigtboldmodig · adverbmodifies handlathandlatactedhandla · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularclausal complement of tyckteavforav · prepositionpreposition marking barnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of handlatattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of följdedetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of följdeföljdefollowedfölja · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tycktemedwithmed · prepositiondepends on följdeförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of seatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of seinfinitive marker before a verb.
seseese · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on följdehurhowhur · adverbmodifies gådetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of gåskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gågågogå · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of seförforför · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gå- 63
Åsa went to the office building, where the manager was in the habit of sitting at his work until this hour.
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencetilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking kontorsbyggnadenkontorsbyggnadenthe office buildingkontorsbyggnad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gickdärtheredär · adverbmodifies brukadedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of brukadebrukadeused tobruka · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on kontorsbyggnadensittato sitsitta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of brukadevidatvid · prepositionpreposition marking arbetesitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of arbetepossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
arbeteworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sittaändauntilända · adverbmodifies tidtilluntiltill · prepositionpreposition marking tiddennathisdenna · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of tidtidtimetid · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sitta When she came into the entryway, the door was flung open, and the manager stood before her with his hat on his head and his cane in his hand, ready to go up to his dinner at the manager's residence.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of komhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on slogsininin · adverbdepends on komiintoi · prepositionpreposition marking förstuganförstuganthe entrywayförstuga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komslogswas flung openslogs · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of slogsuppupupp · adverbdepends on slogsochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with slogsframförin front offramför · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of stodmedwithmed · prepositionintroduces the clause of käpphatthathatt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase medpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking huvudethuvudetheadhuvud · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of medochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationkäppcanekäpp · verb, imperative, activeadverbial clause on stodiini · prepositionmodifies käpphandenhandhand · noun, nominative, common gender, singularpart of the phrase ifärdigreadyfärdig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of stodatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of gåinfinitive marker before a verb.
gågogå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on färdiguppupupp · adverbdepends on gåtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking middagsinhissig · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of middagmiddagdinnermiddag · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gåiati · prepositionpreposition marking disponentbostadendisponentbostadenthe manager's residencedisponentbostad · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gå"Who do you wish to speak with?"
Vemwhovem · pronoun, common gender, singulardepends on talavillwant tovilja · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of taladuyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of talatalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking talahe asked, when he saw the little girl who had come so solemnly with a silk kerchief and a rolled-up handkerchief.
frågadeaskedfråga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågadenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of såghanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sågsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on frågadepast tense of se, 'to see.'
denaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of flickanlillalittleliten · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies flickanflickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sågsomwhosom · pronounsubject of komThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on flickansåsoså · adverbmodifies högtidlighögtidligsolemnhögtidlig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of kommedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking silkeduksilkeduksilk kerchiefsilkeduk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of komochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhoprulladrolled-uphoprulla · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies näsduknäsdukhandkerchiefnäsduk · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with silkeduk— "I wanted to speak with the manager himself," said Åsa.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of talavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of talatalato speaktala · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencemedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking disponentendisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talasjälvhimselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying disponentensadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to talaÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sade— "Well then, come in!"
Jasåwell thenJaså · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komInterjection mistagged as a noun; expresses mild surprise or acknowledgment and its English rendering shifts with tone.
komcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceininin · adverbdepends on komdåthendå · adverbmodifies komsaid the manager, drawing back into the room.
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdrogdrewdrog · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with sadesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of droginåtintoinåt · prepositionpreposition marking rummetrummetroomrumm · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of drogOlder double-m spelling of modern rum.
He let the door stand open, for he could not believe the girl had any lengthy business.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lätlätletlät · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedörrendoordörr · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lätståstandstå · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of lätöppenopenöppen · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of ståförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of trohanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trokundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of trointenotinte · particlemodifies trotrobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with ståattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadeflickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tronågotanynågon · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of ärendelångtlonglångt · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies ärendeBoth examples ('for fram ett långt stycke' = 'sped along a long stretch', 'tog ett långt hopp' = 'took a long leap') mean 'long' (length), not 'far' (distance).
ärendeerrandärende · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hadeIn that way it happened that those who had followed Åsa the goose girl and now stood in the entryway and on the steps got to hear what was said inside the office.
Påinpå · prepositionmodifies komsåthatså · adverbpart of the phrase Påsättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase Påkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of komsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of komattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of sadesdetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of passive sadessomwhosom · pronounsubject of passive följtThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of följtföljtfollowedfölja · verb, active, supinerelative clause on deefterafterefter · prepositionpreposition marking ÅsaÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativepossessor of gåsapigagåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluraldirect object of följtMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies stodostodostoodstodo · adverbcoordinated with följtArchaic plural preterite of stå 'to stand', mistagged as adverb.
iini · prepositionpreposition marking förstuganförstuganthe entrywayförstuga · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of stodoochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationpåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking trappantrappanthe staircasetrappan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with förstuganfingogotfingo · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with deMistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få ("got/were given").
hörato hearhöra · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of fingovadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardepends on sadessomwhatsom · pronounsubject of passive sadesThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
sadeswas saidsaa · verb, past, indicative, passivedepends on kominneinsideinne · adverbmodifies sadespåinsidepå · prepositionpreposition marking kontoretkontoretofficekontor · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sades- 64
When Åsa the goose girl had come in there, she first drew herself up, pushed back her headscarf, and looked up at the manager with her round child's eyes, which gazed so gravely that it cut one to the heart.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommitÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativepossessor of gåsapigagåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of kommitMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
hadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on rätadeininin · adverbdepends on kommitdittheredit · adverbmodifies kommiträtadestraightened upräta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of rätadepåuppå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of rätadeförfirst of allför · prepositionpreposition marking förstadetaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of förstaförstafirsten · adjective, nominativeoblique complement of rätadesurfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en.
skötpushedsköt · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with rätadetillbakabacktillbaka · adverbmodifies sköthuvuddukenthe headscarfhuvudduk · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of skötochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with skötpast tense of se, 'to see.'
uppupupp · adverbdepends on sågtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking disponentendisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sågmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking barnaögonsinahersig · pronoun, pluralpossessor of barnaögonrundaroundrund · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies barnaögonbarnaögonchild's eyesbarnaögon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sågsomwhichsom · pronounsubject of blickadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
blickadelooked/gazedblicka · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on barnaögonsåsoså · adverbmodifies allvarligtallvarligtgravelyallvarlig · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies blickadeUsed adverbially: 'seriously/gravely'.
attthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of skardetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of skarskarcutska · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on skötThe backbone lemma/morphology are mistagged; surface 'skar' is actually the past tense of skära (to cut), not a form of ska (shall).
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardirect object of skaritoi · prepositionpreposition marking hjärtathjärtathearthjärta · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of skar "It's like this — little Mats is dead," she said, and her voice trembled so that she could get no further.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with såärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to såsålike thisså · adverbhead of the phraseattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of dödlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of dödärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to döddöddeaddöd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardepends on såExamples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival.
sadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to såhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationröstenvoiceröst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of darradedarradetrembleddarra · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with såsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of komattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase såhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of komintenotinte · particlemodifies komkomcamekomma · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on darradelängrefurtherlång · adverbmodifies komComparative adverb forms of 'lång' (long); English rendering shifts between spatial 'far/further' and temporal 'longer' depending on context.
But now the manager understood whom he was dealing with.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies förstodförstodunderstoodförstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodvemwhovem · pronoun, common gender, singulardepends on hadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of göraatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of görainfinitive marker before a verb.
göradealgöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on förstodmedwithmed · prepositiondepends on göra"I see, so you're the girl who wants to arrange the grand funeral," he said kindly.
JasåI seeJaså · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeInterjection mistagged as a noun; expresses mild surprise or acknowledgment and its English rendering shifts with tone.
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of flickanärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to flickandenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of flickanflickangirlflicka · noun, nominative, common gender, singularparallel clause to Jasåsomwhosom · pronounsubject of ställaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
villwant tovilja · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of ställaställato arrangeställa · verb, active, infinitiverelative clause on flickantillarrangetill · prepositiondepends on ställamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking begravningendenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of begravningenstorabigstor · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies begravningenweak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen.
begravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of ställasadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadevänligtkindlyvänlig · adverbmodifies sade"You needn't trouble yourself over that, child.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of bryskawillskola · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of bryduyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of bryintenotinte · particlemodifies brybryto trouble oneselfbry · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of bryomoverom · prepositionpreposition marking barnbarnchildrenbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of bryIt will be too costly for you.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of blirblirbecomesbli · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceförtooför · adverbmodifies dyrtdyrtcostlydyr · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of blirförtooför · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of blirIf I had only heard of it sooner, I would have put a stop to it at once."
Omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hörajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hörabarajustbara · adverbmodifies hörahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hörafåttheardfå · auxiliary verb, active, supineauxiliary of höra"hade alltid fått lära sig" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction ("had always been taught"), a distinct sense from the permissive "gotten to" readings in the other examples.
hörato hearhöra · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of höraförutbeforeförut · adverbmodifies höraskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of hajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hagenastat oncegenast · adverbmodifies hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of avstyrtavstyrtpreventedavstyr · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of avstyrt- 65
Something twitched in the girl's face, and the manager thought she was about to cry, but instead she said: "I wanted to ask if I might tell the manager something about little Mats."
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of ryckterycktetuggedrycka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceiini · prepositionpreposition marking ansikteflickansthe girl'sflicka · noun, genitive, common gender, singularpossessor of ansikteansiktefaceansikte · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of ryckteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of troddetroddebelievedtro · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with ryckteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of börjahonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of börjaskullewas about toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of börjabörjato beginbörja · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of troddegråtato crygråta · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of börjamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationiinsteadi · prepositionmodifies sadeställetplaceställe · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase isadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with rycktehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadeJagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of frågaskullewanted toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of frågafrågaquestionfråga · noun, nominative, common gender, singularhead of the phraseomifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of berättajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of berättafårmightfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of berättaberättato tellberätta · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of frågadisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of berättanågotsomethingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of berättaomifom · subordinating conjunctionpreposition marking Matslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativemodifies något - 66
"I've already heard your whole story," said the manager in his usual calm and kindly way.
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harharhasha · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencealltindeedallt · adverbmodifies harredanalreadyredan · adverbmodifies hörthörtheardhöra · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on hareryouni · pronoun, common gender, singularpossessor of historiahistoriastoryhistoria · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of hörtsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to hardisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadepåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking stillsammasitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of stillsammapossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
vanligaordinaryvanlig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies stillsammastillsammacalmstillsamma · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies sättochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvänligafriendlyvänlig · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with stillsammasättwaysätt · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of sadeIndefinite 'sätt' has identical singular/plural form; two of the three examples (ch03-p2-s3 'sätt att skala nötter', ch44-p66-s1 'på sitt ... sätt') are singular 'a way'/'his way', not plural 'ways'.
"You mustn't think I don't feel it's a pity for you.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of trofårmustfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of trointenotinte · particlemodifies trotrobelievetro · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of tyckerjagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckerintenotinte · particlemodifies tyckertyckerthinktycka · verb, present, indicative, activeclausal complement of troattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of synddetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of syndärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to syndsynda pitysynd · noun, nominative, common gender, singularclausal complement of tyckeromforom · prepositionpreposition marking digdigyoudu · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of syndI only want what is best for you."
JagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of villvillwantsvilja · verb, present, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencebarajustbara · adverbmodifies villdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of villsomwhatsom · pronounsubject of bästaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
ärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to bästadittyourdu · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of bästasurface ditt is the neuter possessive 'your', not the pronoun 'you'.
bästabestbra · adjective, nominative, superlativerelative clause on det- 67
Then Åsa the goose girl drew herself up even more and said in a high, clear voice: "Ever since little Mats was nine years old, he has had neither father nor mother, but has had to support himself entirely like a grown man.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies gåsapigarätadedrew herself uprätad · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies ÅsaÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of gåsapigagåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, singularhead of the phrasepåuppå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigherselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of gåsapigaänevenän · adverbmodifies mermermoremycket · adverbmodifies gåsapigaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gåsapigamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking rösthögtallhög · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies röstklarclearklar · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with högröstvoiceröst · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of sadeAlltever sinceAlln · adverbmodifies lilleLemma should be 'all'/'allt'; surface 'Allt' means 'all/entirely'.
sedanthensedan · adverbpart of the phrase Alltlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularadverbial clause on försörjaMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of passive lillevarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to årnioninenio · numeral, nominativequantifies åråryearsår · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with lilleharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hafthanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of haftvarkenneithervarken · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhafthadha · verb, active, supinecoordinated with lillefarfatherfar · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of haftelleroreller · conjunctionlinks the coordinationmormothermor · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with farutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of harharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of försörjamåsthad tomåst · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of harThe supine of 'måste' (must), tagged as a noun but functioning as an auxiliary verb form.
försörjato supportförsörja · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencesighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of försörjasjälvhimselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying sigalldelesquitealldeles · adverbmodifies vuxensomlikesom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vuxenenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vuxenvuxengrown upvuxen · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of försörja He has always held himself too proud to beg so much as a single meal, but has always wanted to pay his way.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hållitbarhasba · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of hållitThe first occurrence is an apparent typo for har; the second is the idiom bära åstad.
hållitconsidered himself abovehålla · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceSurface "hållit" spans several idioms in this book: literal "held" (hållit trogen vakt = kept faithful watch), "hållit ut" (held out/endured), "hållit på" (had been -ing, continuous aspect), and "hållit sig" (stayed/remained). A single fixed gloss of "held" misrenders the hållit på / hållit sig examples.
sighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of hållitförtooför · adverbmodifies godgodgoodgod · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies hållitatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of tiggainfinitive marker before a verb.
tiggabegtigga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hållitomforom · prepositiondepends on tiggasåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycken · adverbmodifies tiggasomassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of målettaen · numeral, nominative, neuter, singulardeterminer of målmålmealmål · noun, nominative, neuter, singularmodifies matmatfoodmat · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of tiggautanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of velatharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of velatalltidalwaysalltid · adverbmodifies velatvelatwantedvela · verb, active, supinecoordinated with hållitlemma should be vilja 'to want'; velat is its supine form.
betalato paybetala · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of velatförhis wayför · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of betalaHe always said that it wasn't right for a man to beg.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sadesadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencejämtconstantlyjämt · adverbmodifies sadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gickdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gickintenotinte · particlemodifies gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of sadeanrightan · adverbdepends on gickUsed only in the fixed idiom 'gå an' meaning 'to be all right/permitted'.
förforför · prepositionpreposition marking karlenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of karlkarlmankarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gickatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of tiggainfinitive marker before a verb.
tiggabegtigga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gickHe has gone about the countryside buying up eggs and butter, and he managed the buying as well as an old merchant.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåttharhasha · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgone aboutgå · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceomkringaroundomkring · adverbmodifies gåttpåaboutpå · prepositionpreposition marking landetlandetlandland · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of gåttochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationköptboughtköpt · verb, active, supinecoordinated with gåttoppupopp · verb, present, indicative, activedepends on köptmistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'.
äggeggägg · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of köptochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsmörbuttersmör · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcoordinated with äggochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sköttesköttemanagedsköta · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gåttthis type mixes two different verbs that share the past-tense surface sköt; skötte is unambiguously 'tended'.
uppköpenthe buyinguppköp · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of sköttelikaequallylika · adverbmodifies brabrawellbra · adverbmodifies sköttesomassom · prepositionpreposition marking köpmanFunctions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition.
enaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of köpmangammaloldgammal · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies köpmanköpmanmerchantköpman · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of skötteHe never squandered anything, and he never hid away a coin, but gave it all to me.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of slarvadeslarvadesquanderedslarva · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencealdrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies slarvadebortawaybort · adverbmodifies slarvadenågotanythingnågon · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of slarvadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationaldrigneveraldrig · adverbmodifies gömdegömdehidgömde · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with slarvadehanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gömdeundanawayundan · adverbdepends on gömdeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of slantslantcoinslant · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of gömdeutanbut ratherutan · conjunctionlinks the coordinationfollows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened.
gavgavege · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with gömdeLight-verb idioms in the examples: "gav ... till ett klagoskrik" = let out a cry; "gav sig tid" = took the time — not literal "gave" in either case.
alltallall · adverbmodifies gavtilltotill · prepositionpreposition marking migmigmejag · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gavLittle Mats had his work with him out in the fields when he went herding with the geese, and was just as diligent as if he had been a grown man.
LilleLittleLille · proper noun, nominativesubject of hadePart of the name 'Lille Mats' (Little Mats).
MatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativedepends on Lillehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencesitthis ownsig · pronoun, neuter, singularpossessor of arbetepossessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun.
arbeteworkarbete · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of hademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of hadeuteoutsideute · adverbmodifies hadepåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking åkernåkernfieldåker · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hadenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gickhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hadevallherdingvall · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardirect object of gickmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking gässengässengeesegässe · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of gickgässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem.
ochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to flitiglikaequallylika · adverbmodifies flitigflitigindustriousflitig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with hadesomas ifsom · pronounintroduces the clause of karlenThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
omifom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gamlahanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gamlahadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gamlavaritbeenvara · auxiliary verb, active, supinecopula linking to gamlagamlaoldgammal · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies karlenkarlenmankarl · noun, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on flitigThe farmers down in Skåne used to send large sums of money with little Mats when he went between the farms, because they knew they could trust him just as they trusted themselves, so it isn't right to say that little Mats was only a child, for there aren't many grown men — — —
Böndernathe farmersBönderna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralsubject of brukadeneredownnere · adverbmodifies Böndernaiini · prepositionpreposition marking SkåneSkåneSkåneSkåne · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of nerebrukadeused tobruka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceskickato sendskicka · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of brukadestorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies pengarpengarmoneypengar · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of skickamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking Matslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of skickanärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gickhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on skickamellanbetweenmellan · prepositionpreposition marking gårdarnagårdarnathe farmsgårdarna · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of gickdärförbecausedärför · adverbintroduces the clause of vissteattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase därfördetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of visstevissteknewvisste · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on gickattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of litadetheyde · pronoun, nominative, pluralsubject of litakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of litalitato trustlita · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of visstepåinpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of litasomassom · pronounintroduces the clause of sigThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
påaspå · prepositionpreposition marking sigsigthemselvessig · pronoun, accusativeclause modifying honomsjälvathemselvessjälv · adjective, nominative, pluralclause modifying sigsåsoså · adverbintroduces the clause of rättattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase sådetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with rättärisvara · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activecopula linking to rättintenotinte · particlemodifies rätträttrighträtt · noun, nominative, common gender, singularadverbial clause on litaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sägainfinitive marker before a verb.
sägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitivedepends on rättattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of barnlillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMat · proper noun, nominativesubject of barnbarajustbara · adverbmodifies barnvarwasvara · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activecopula linking to barnettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of barnbarnchildbarn · noun, nominative, neuter, singulardepends on rättförbecauseför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of finnsfinnsthere aren'tfinnas · verb, present, indicativerelative clause on barnintenotinte · particlemodifies finnsmångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies storastorabigstor · adjective, nominative, pluralsubject of finns- 68
The manager stood looking at the floor, without a muscle moving in his face, and Åsa the goose girl fell silent, for she believed her words had had no effect on him at all.
Disponententhe managerdisponenten · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsågsawse · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with stodiati · prepositionpreposition marking golvetgolvetfloorgolv · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of sågutanwithoututan · prepositionintroduces the clause of rördeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of rördeenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of muskelmuskelmusclemuskel · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of rörderördemovedröra · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on stodsigitselfsig · pronoun, accusativedirect object of rördeiini · prepositionpreposition marking ansiktehanshishan · pronounpossessor of ansikteansiktefaceansikte · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of rördeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativepossessor of tystnadegåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies tystnadeMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
tystnadefell silenttystnad · adjective, nominative, pluralcoordinated with rördeförforför · prepositionintroduces the clause of troddehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of troddetroddethoughttrodde · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tystnadeattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadehennesherhon · pronounpossessor of talpossessive form hennes of the pronoun hon.
talwordstal · noun, nominative, neuter, singularpart of the phrase attingennoingen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of verkanverkaneffectverkan · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activedepends on tystnadepåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of hade When she had been at home, she had felt she had so much to say about little Mats, but now it seemed to her so little.
Närwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of varhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of varvarwasvara · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on tyckthemmaat homehemma · adverbmodifies varhadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of tyckthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tyckttycktthoughttycka · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentenceattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of hadehonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of tycktsåsoså · adverbmodifies mycketmycketmuchmycket · adverbdirect object of hadeatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of sägainfinitive marker before a verb.
sägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on hadeomaboutom · prepositionpreposition marking Matslillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativeoblique complement of sägamenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationnunownu · adverbmodifies föreföllföreföllseemedförefölal · verb, present, indicative, activecoordinated with hadelemma is a mis-OCR of föreföll ('seemed').
detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of föreföllhenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of föreföllatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of litetinfinitive marker before a verb.
varabevara · auxiliary verb, active, infinitivecopula linking to litetsåsoså · adverbmodifies litetlitetso littleliten · adverbdepends on föreföllthis type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry.
How was she to make the manager understand that little Mats deserved to be buried with the same honor as a grown person?
Hurhowhur · adverbmodifies fåskullewas toskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of fåhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of fåkunnacankunna · auxiliary verb, active, infinitiveauxiliary of fåfåmakefå · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of fåatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of förståinfinitive marker before a verb.
förståunderstandförstå · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on fåattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of förtjänadelillelittlelille · adjective, nominative, masculine, singularmodifies MatsMatsMatsMats · proper noun, nominativesubject of förtjänadeförtjänadedeservedförtjäna · verb, past, indicative, activeadverbial clause on förståatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of begravasinfinitive marker before a verb.
begravasto be buriedbegrava · verb, passive, infinitivecomplement of förtjänademedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking hedersammathe samesamma · determinerdeterminer of hederhederhonorheda · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraloblique complement of begravasLemma is a corrupted form; the word is 'heder' (honor).
somassom · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of vuxenenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of vuxenvuxengrown upvuxen · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying heder- 69
"You see, since I now want to pay for the whole funeral myself — — —," said Åsa, and then she fell silent again.
Selookse · verb, imperative, activemain verb of the sentencenärwhennär · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kostajagIjag · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kostanunownu · adverbmodifies kostavillwant tovilja · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kostakostapay forkosta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on Sepåforpå · prepositionpreposition marking begravningenhelawholehel · adjective, nominative, singularmodifies begravningenbegravningenfuneralbegravning · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of kostasjälvmyselfsjälv · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularclause modifying begravningensadesaidsäga · verb, past, indicative, activeparallel clause to SeÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativesubject of sadeochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsåthenså · adverbmodifies hontegfell silentteg · adjectivepart of the phrase såhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularcoordinated with sadeigenagainigen · adverbmodifies hon - 70
Then the manager raised his eyes and looked Åsa the goose girl in the eye.
Dåthendå · adverbmodifies lyftelyfteliftedlyfte · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencedisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of lyfteblickenglanceblick · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of lyfteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsågsawsåg · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with lyftepast tense of se, 'to see.'
ÅsaÅsaÅsa · proper noun, nominativedirect object of såggåsapigagoose girlgåsapig · adjective, nominative, pluralcomplement of sågMistagged as an adjective; gåsapiga is the noun "goose girl" (a herding role), always paired with a name (Åsa gåsapiga).
ininin · adverbdepends on sågiini · prepositionpreposition marking ögonenögonenthe eyesögonen · noun, nominative, neuter, pluraloblique complement of in He measured her and weighed her, as one must who has many people under him.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of mättemättemeasuredmäta · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of mätteochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationvägdeweighedvägde · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with mättehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of mättesomassom · pronoundirect object of kunnaThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
denitden · pronoun, common gender, singularsubject of kunnamåstemustmåste · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of kunnakunnacankunna · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on mättesomwhosom · pronounsubject of harThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
harhasha · verb, present, indicative, activerelative clause on kunnamångamanymånga · adjective, nominative, pluralmodifies människormänniskorpeoplemänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, pluraldirect object of harunderunderunder · prepositionpreposition marking sigsighimselfsig · pronoun, accusativeoblique complement of harHe thought of how she had gone through the loss of home and parents and siblings, and yet she stood there unbroken still, and she would surely grow into a fine person.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of tänktetänktethoughttänka · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencepåofpå · prepositionintroduces the clause of gåttattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of gåtthonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of gåtthadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of gåttgåttgone throughgå · verb, active, supineadverbial clause on tänkteigenomthroughigenom · adverbdepends on gåttdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of gåttatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of mistainfinitive marker before a verb.
mistato losemista · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of gåtthemhomehem · adverbmodifies mistaochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationföräldrarparentsförälder · noun, nominative, common gender, pluralcoordinated with hemochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationsyskonsiblingssyskon · noun, nominative, neuter, pluralcoordinated with föräldrarmenbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of stodstodstoodstå · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with tänktedärtheredär · adverbmodifies stodobrutenunbrokenobrut · adjective, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of stodännustillännu · adverbmodifies obrutenochandoch · conjunctionlinks the coordinationdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with bliskullewouldskola · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of blinogsurelynog · adverbmodifies bliblibecomebli · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with stodenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of människapräktigsplendidpräktig · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies människamänniskahuman beingmänniska · noun, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of bliavintoav · prepositionpreposition marking hennehenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularmodifies människaBut he grew afraid of laying added weight on the burden she already had to carry, for it might well be the straw that broke her.
Menbutmen · conjunctionlinks the coordinationhanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of blevblevbecamebli · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceräddafraidrädd · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularcomplement of blevförofför · prepositionintroduces the clause of läggaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of läggainfinitive marker before a verb.
läggato lay/putlägga · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on blevökadincreasedöka · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies tyngdtyngdweighttyngd · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of läggapåonpå · prepositionpreposition marking bördadenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of bördabördaburdenbörda · noun, nominative, common gender, singularoblique complement of läggasomthatsom · pronounsubject of hadeThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hadehadehadha · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on bördaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of bärainfinitive marker before a verb.
bärato carrybära · verb, active, infinitivecomplement of hadeförforför · prepositionpreposition marking detdetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularoblique complement of händakundecouldkunna · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of händajumay wellju · adverbmodifies händahändato happenhända · verb, active, infinitivecoordinated with läggaattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of blevedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with bleveblevewould bebleve · verb, past, indicative, activeclausal complement of blevdettheen · pronoun, neuter, singulardeterminer of halmstråetthis type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry.
halmstråetthe strawhalmstrået · noun, nominative, neuter, singularcomplement of blevesomthatsom · pronounsubject of knäckteThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
knäcktebrokeknäcka · verb, past, indicative, activerelative clause on halmstråethenneherhenne · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singulardirect object of knäckteHe understood what it meant that she had come to speak with him.
Hanhehan · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of förstodförstodunderstoodförstod · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentencevadwhatvad · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of sägadetitden · pronoun, neuter, singularsubject of sägavillewanted tovilja · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of sägasägato saysäga · verb, active, infinitiveclausal complement of förstodattthatatt · subordinating conjunctionintroduces the clause of kommithonshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of kommithadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of kommitkommitcomekomma · verb, active, supineclausal complement of förstodförtoför · prepositionintroduces the clause of talaatttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of talainfinitive marker before a verb.
talato speaktala · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on kommitmedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking honomhonomhimhan · pronoun, accusative, common gender, singularoblique complement of talaShe had surely loved that brother of hers more than anything else.
Honshehon · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of älskathadehadha · auxiliary verb, past, indicative, activeauxiliary of älskatnogsurelynog · adverbmodifies älskatälskatlovedälska · verb, active, supinemain verb of the sentencedeniten · pronoun, common gender, singulardirect object of älskatdärtheredär · adverbmodifies annatbrodernbrotherbroder · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of annatmermoremycket · adverbmodifies annatänthanän · subordinating conjunctionpart of the phrase meralltallall · determiner, neuter, singularpart of the phrase merannatotherannan · adjective, nominative, neuter, singularadverbial clause on älskatIt would not do to answer such love with a refusal.
Detitden · pronoun, neuter, singularexpletive with gickgickwentgå · verb, past, indicative, activemain verb of the sentenceintenotinte · particlemodifies gickandoan · adverbdepends on gickUsed only in the fixed idiom 'gå an' meaning 'to be all right/permitted'.
atttoatt · particleintroduces the clause of mötainfinitive marker before a verb.
mötato meetmöta · verb, active, infinitiveadverbial clause on gickenaen · determiner, common gender, singulardeterminer of kärleksådansuchsån · adjective, nominative, common gender, singularmodifies kärleksån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense.
kärleklovekärlek · noun, nominative, common gender, singulardirect object of mötamedwithmed · prepositionpreposition marking avslagettaen · determiner, neuter, singulardeterminer of avslagavslaga refusalavslag · noun, nominative, neuter, singularoblique complement of möta- 71
"You shall have it as you wish, then," said the manager.
Duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of hafårshallfå · auxiliary verb, present, indicative, activeauxiliary of havälthenväl · adverbmodifies hahato haveha · verb, active, infinitivemain verb of the sentencedetitden · pronoun, neuter, singulardirect object of hasomassom · pronoundirect object of villThree of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely.
duyoudu · pronoun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of villvillwantsvilja · verb, present, indicative, activeadverbial clause on hadåthendå · adverbmodifies villsadesaidsade · verb, past, indicative, activecoordinated with hadisponentenmanagerdisponent · noun, nominative, common gender, singularsubject of sade
The particulars
- The text
- Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige, Selma Lagerlöf. The Wonderful Adventures of Nils.
- Translation
- Public-domain Swedish (Lagerlöf, d. 1940; published 1906–07). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
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