Words of the Odyssey 1732 Studios

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Words of the Odyssey · 97 headwords

Each word with its meanings, its forms, and the lines it stands in.

ἤια

provisions; of dry chaff 7 times

ἤια, ᾖα, ἠΐων

accusative plural neuter noun; nominative plural neuter noun; genitive plural neuter noun

ᾖα: rare epic noun for travel-food, appears mostly in formulaic voyage scenes

ἤπειρόνδε

onto dry land; onto the land; to the mainland 10 times

ἤπειρόνδε

ἤπειρόνδε, directional -δε suffix meaning 'to(ward) the mainland/shore.'

ἤπειρος

mainland; the mainland; of the mainland 20 times

ἠπείρου, ἠπείροιο, ἤπειρον, ἠπείρῳ

genitive singular feminine noun; accusative singular feminine noun; dative singular feminine noun

ἠπείροιο is the old genitive singular in -οιο (epic form of -ου).

ἤπιος

gentle; mild; kind 15 times

ἤπιος, ἤπιον, ἤπια, ἠπίη, ἠπίου

nominative singular masculine adjective; accusative plural neuter adjective; accusative singular masculine adjective

ἦδος

pleasure, enjoyment; joy twice

ἦδος

rare noun ἦδος, 'pleasure' — bitter rhetorical question from the dead Agamemnon

ἦκα

lightly; slowly; slightly 4 times

ἦκα, ἦκ

ἦκα 'gently, softly' - the key word revealing Odysseus's restraint, setting up his choice of the lighter blow.

ἦμαρ

day; days; by day 96 times

ἦμαρ, ἤματα, ἤματι, ἤματ, ἤματί, ἤματός

accusative plural neuter noun; accusative singular neuter noun; nominative singular neuter noun

ἐπ' ἤματι = 'in a single day', dative of time

ἦμος

when; at the hour when 29 times

ἦμος

conjunction; adverb

ἦμος...δέ is an epic temporal formula, 'now when', opening many dawn scenes in Homer.

ἦνοψ

gleaming once

ἤνοπι

ἦνοψ 'gleaming/bright-faced' — rare poetic epithet for bronze, evoking firelit metal.

ἦτορ

heart; in heart; at heart 46 times

ἦτορ

nominative singular neuter noun; accusative singular neuter noun

ἦτορ, poetic word for heart/spirit, common in Homeric formulas of emotion

ἠβαιός

even a little; a little way; even a few 4 times

ἠβαιαί, ἠβαιόν, ἠβαιὸν

accusative singular neuter adjective; nominative plural feminine adjective

οὐδ᾽ ἠβαιαί, litotes: 'not even a few' — sharpens the taunt about baldness.

ἠγάθεος

sacred; holy 6 times

ἠγαθέην, ἠγαθέῃ

accusative singular feminine adjective; dative singular feminine adjective

ἠγάθεος, epithet built on ἄγαν+θεός, 'very divine'

Ἠέλιος

of the Sun; of Helios 3 times

Ἠελίοιο, Ἠελίου

genitive singular masculine noun; Homeric genitive singular masculine proper noun in -οιο

ἠέλιος

the sun; sun; of the sun 83 times

ἠέλιος, ἠελίοιο, ἠέλιον, Ἠελίοιο, Ἠέλιος, ἠελίῳ, Ἠελίῳ, ἠελίου and 3 more

nominative singular masculine noun; genitive singular masculine noun; accusative singular masculine noun

Epic ἠέλιος (not Attic ἥλιος) opens the day-formula that begins many Odyssey scenes.

ἠερόεις

murky 4 times

ἠερόεντα

accusative singular masculine adjective; accusative plural neuter adjective

ζόφον ἠερόεντα, another formulaic pairing for the darkness of the underworld

ἠεροειδής

misty; shadowy 15 times

ἠεροειδέα, ἠεροειδέι, ἠεροειδές, ἠεροειδέϊ

dative singular adjective; accusative singular masculine adjective; nominative singular neuter adjective

ἠεροειδής 'air-colored, hazy' is a stock Homeric epithet for the open sea.

ἠθεῖος

dear master once

ἠθεῖον

ἠθεῖος, an affectionate epic title of respect used for an elder or master, stronger than plain 'friend'

ἠίθεος

unmarried; bachelors; unwed young men 3 times

ἠίθεος, ἠίθεοι, ἠίθεοί

nominative plural masculine noun; nominative singular masculine noun

ἠίθεος = unmarried young man, marking Peisistratos as the youngest, unwed son.

ἠλασκάζω

dodges away once

ἠλασκάζει

ἠλασκάζω: a rare, vivid verb of evasive fleeing, used almost only of this scene.

ἠλεός

crazed; bewildering twice

ἠλεέ, ἠλεός

vocative singular masculine adjective; nominative singular masculine adjective

ἠλεός describes wine's power to addle judgment, framing the coming tale as tipsy talk.

ἠλίβατος

sheer; sheer, towering; sheer, steep 3 times

ἠλίβατον, ἠλίβατος, ἠλίβατοι

accusative singular feminine adjective; nominative singular feminine adjective; nominative plural feminine adjective

ἠμαθόεις

sandy 8 times

ἠμαθόεντα, ἠμαθόεντος, ἠμαθόεντι

accusative singular masculine adjective; genitive singular masculine adjective; dative singular masculine adjective

ἠμαθόεις, 'sandy', a standing geographic epithet for Pylos in Homer, echoed in later Greek poetry.

ἠνεμόεις

windy; windswept 4 times

ἠνεμοέσσας, ἠνεμόεντα

accusative plural feminine adjective; accusative singular masculine adjective

ἠνεμόεντα, a formulaic epithet applied to exposed headlands like Mimas.

ἠοῖος

the morning; of the east twice

ἠοίην, ἠοίων

accusative singular feminine adjective; genitive plural masculine adjective

ἠοῖος 'eastern' built on ἠώς 'dawn' — direction named for where dawn rises.

ἠπεδανός

weakling once

ἠπεδανὸς

predicate adj. after 'was born' — describes the resulting state, not the subject directly.

ἠπεροπεύω

you might deceive; deceiving; beguiled 4 times

ἠπεροπεύσῃς—, ἠπεροπεύειν, ἠπερόπευον, ἠπεροπεύει

aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb; present active infinitive; imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb

aorist subjunctive of purpose, 'so that you might beguile my mind'

ἠπύω

called out; calls out; rings out 3 times

ἠπύει, ἤπυεν

present active indicative, 3rd singular verb; imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb

ἠπύει...ὑπακούει: vivid image of endless daylight where one herdsman answers another driving in as the other drives out.

ἠριγένεια

early-born; Dawn; early-born Dawn 25 times

ἠριγένεια, ἠριγενείης, ἠριγένειαν

nominative singular feminine noun; genitive singular feminine adjective; nominative singular feminine adjective

Epic epithet fixed with Dawn; formulaic, not freely applied to other nouns.

ἠώς

Dawn; dawn; of Dawn 70 times

Ἠώς, Ἠῶ, ἠοῖ, ἠῶ, ἠὼς, Ἠὼς, Ἠοῦς, ἠῶθι and 1 more

nominative singular feminine noun; accusative singular feminine noun; dative singular feminine noun

Ἠώς, goddess of dawn — formulaic epic opening for a new day

ἥβη

of youth; youth; of manhood 10 times

ἥβης, ἥβην, ἥβῃ, ἥβη

genitive singular feminine noun; accusative singular feminine noun; dative singular feminine noun

ἥβης, genitive of the thing lacked, governed by δεύεται ("he is lacking in youth") in the next line.

ἥκω

he put; to have come twice

ἧκεν, ἥκειν

imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb; present active infinitive

perfect-sense infinitive after ὀΐω, 'I do not think I have come'

ἥλιος

of the sun; Helios twice

ἠελίοιο, Ἥλιος

genitive singular masculine noun; nominative singular masculine noun

the sun-god, whose all-seeing gaze catches the lovers—an epic touch on omniscient nature

ἥμισυς

half; of the half 7 times

ἥμισυ, ἡμίσεες, ἡμίσεων

accusative singular neuter adjective; nominative plural masculine adjective; genitive plural masculine adjective

Ἥρα

Hera; of Hera 7 times

Ἥρης, Ἥρη

genitive singular feminine noun; nominative singular feminine noun

A rare divine-committee scene: four goddesses each grant the orphan girls a separate gift.

ἥρως

hero; the hero; heroes 40 times

ἥρως, ἡρώων, ἥρωας, ἥρωος, ἥρωϊ, ἥρωα, ἥρωι, ἥρῳ and 2 more

genitive plural masculine noun; nominative singular masculine noun; nominative plural masculine noun

ἥρως genitive plural ἡρώων, 'of heroes', modifying ἀνδρῶν — the formulaic 'heroic men'.

Ἥφαιστος

Hephaestus; of Hephaestus; of Hephaistos 19 times

Ἡφαίστοιο, Ἥφαιστος, Ἥφαιστον, Ἥφαιστ

genitive singular masculine noun; nominative singular masculine noun; accusative singular masculine noun

Divine craftsman-god credited for the bowl's making, elevating its prestige as a gift.

ἧμαι

sitting; we sat; sit 71 times

ἥμενος, ἥμεθα, ἧστο, ἥμενοι, ἧσται, ἥατ, ἧσθαι, ἥατο and 10 more

pluperfect indicative, 1st plural verb; perfect participle, nominative singular masculine; pluperfect indicative, 3rd singular verb

ἧστο is pluperfect in form but functions as a simple past, describing his ongoing state among the suitors.

ἧπαρ

liver 3 times

ἧπαρ, ἥπατι

accusative singular neuter noun; dative singular neuter noun

ἧπαρ 'liver' — a mortal wound-site in Homeric battle imagery, paired with the swift shaft.

ἡβάω

came of age; blooming; in their youth 7 times

ἡβώοιμι, ἡβήσῃ, ἡβώωσα, ἡβώοντες, ἡβήσας, ἡβῶν

present active optative, 1st singular verb; aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb; present active participle, nominative singular feminine

Epic participle ἡβώοντες (from ἡβάω) 'being in the bloom of youth'.

ἡγέομαι

led the way; led; to lead 20 times

ἡγήσατο, ἡγήσαιτο, ἡγήσασθαι, ἡγεῖθ, ἡγήσαιο, ἡγεῖσθαι, ἡγείσθην, ἡγήσομαι and 2 more

aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb; imperfect middle indicative, 3rd singular verb; aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb

aorist optative w/ ἥ expresses a wished-for future result, 'who might guide'

ἡγεμονεύω

led the way; led; lead the way 15 times

ἡγεμόνευεν, ἡγεμόνευε, ἡγεμόνευ, ἡγεμονεύσω, ἡγεμονεύσει

imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb; future active indicative, 1st singular verb; present active imperative, 2nd singular verb

ἡγεμονεύσει: future, 'will lead/guide'—Odysseus questions how a mortal could pilot such a route.

ἡγήτωρ

leaders; leader 12 times

ἡγήτορες, ἡγήτορι, ἡγήτορας

vocative plural masculine noun; nominative plural masculine noun; dative singular masculine noun

Vocative plural addressing the assembly directly: 'O leaders...'

ἡγηλάζω

drag out; is leading twice

ἡγηλάζεις, ἡγηλάζει

present active indicative, 2nd singular verb; present active indicative, 3rd singular verb

ἡγηλάζεις, rare verb 'lead along/drag out', suggesting a fate endured step by step

ἡδύποτος

sweet to drink; sweet-tasting 3 times

ἡδυπότοιο

Compound epithet ἡδύποτος, 'sweet-drinking,' a formulaic descriptor for wine.

ἡδύς

sweet; sweetly; merrily 38 times

ἡδὺ, ἡδύ, ἡδὺν, ἡδέος, ἡδέι, ἡδύν, ἡδεῖαν, ἡδεῖα and 3 more

accusative singular neuter adjective; accusative singular masculine adjective; genitive singular masculine adjective

neuter adjective ἡδὺ used adverbially with ἐκγελάσας - 'laughing sweetly', a vivid Homeric touch

ἡμέτερος

our; our own; to our house 61 times

ἡμέτερον, ἡμετέροισι, ἡμετέρῳ, ἡμετέρης, ἡμετέροιο, ἡμέτερε, ἡμετέρη, ἡμετέροισιν and 12 more

accusative singular neuter adjective; dative plural masculine adjective; genitive singular masculine adjective

ἡμέτερόνδε: directional -δε suffix ('to/toward') attached to the possessive, 'homeward, to our place.'

ἡμίονος

mules; the mules; mule foals 16 times

ἡμιόνους, ἡμιόνοιιν, ἡμίονοι, ἡμιόνων

accusative plural feminine noun; nominative plural masculine noun; genitive plural masculine noun

genitive dual — the old dual number, since exactly two mules pull the cart

Ἡρακλέης

Herakles; Heracles twice

Ἡρακλῆι, Ἡρακλῆα

dative singular masculine noun; accusative singular masculine noun

invoking Herakles and Eurytus, mythic super-archers, shows how high Odysseus sets the bar he won't challenge

Seen once or twice

ἠ~μος

when once

ἤτορ

heart once

ἦθος

accustomed quarters once

ἦνις

yearling once

ἦρι

early twice

ἠέριος

at dawn once

Ἠλύσιος

Elysian once

ἠνορέη

in manhood once

Ἠοῦς

of Dawn once

ἠπεροπεύς

a deceiver once

ἠχέω

grieving once

ἠχή

with a shout; with a cry twice

ἠχήεις

echoing once

Ἥβη

Hebe once

ἥδομαι

was pleased once

ἥμερος

tame once

ἥσσων

less once

ἧ

indeed once

ἧλιξ

of equal age once

ἡγεμών

of a guide; a guide twice

ἡμερίς

garden vine once

ἡμιόνειος

mule-drawn once

ἡνία

the reins; reins twice

ἡνίκα

when once

ἡνιοχεύω

drove once

Ἡράκλειος

of Heracles once

Ἡρακλῆς

Heracles once

ἡσυχία

peace once

The particulars

The words
Every word of the text, parsed: its headword, its form and its meaning in the line. Source text: public domain (Homer, ancient; Greek per the Murray/Allen text via the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 3.0).
Translation
Public-domain Greek (Homer, ancient; text via the Perseus Digital Library). English translation © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.
Data
JSON · A guide for agents
Two whoopie pies and a pine. An inside joke.